Table 3. Perceived Barriers to Colorectal Cancer Screening by Screening Status, Race, and Education^*

	Screening Status			Race			Education
	Not Current	Current	P	Whites	African Americans	P	High School or Less	Greater Than High School Education	P
General (n = 588)^{^†}
CRC screening is not needed because I have no problems	2.52	2.01	<.001	2.19	2.25	.598	2.25	1.96	.003
Physician spent enough time discussing CRC screening	2.51	3.13	<.001	2.95	2.70	.018	2.87	3.01	.19
CRC screening cost is high	2.45	1.92	<.001	2.06	2.37	.005	2.21	1.83	<.001
CRC screening is embarrassing	2.24	2.07	.033	2.20	1.91	.005	2.16	2.00	.10
Afraid might find something wrong	2.06	1.62	<.001	1.76	1.92	.087	1.80	1.57	.006
Insufficient time for CRC screening	1.93	1.57	<.001	1.70	1.75	.554	1.74	1.52	.005
Barriers scale (summed general barriers items)	13.55	12.21	<.001	12.67	12.70	.923	11.77	12.85	<.001
FOBT^{^‡} (n = 326)
Do not know how to perform FOBT	2.19	2.17	.88	2.90	2.49	<.001	2.67	2.06	<.001
Collecting a sample for FOBT is unpleasant	2.07	2.13	.56	2.17	2.31	.18	2.20	2.20	.999
I do not have privacy to collect sample for FOBT	1.80	1.86	.61	1.80	2.41	<.001	2.00	1.58	<.001
Flexible sigmoidoscopy (n = 367)^{^§}
Think flexible sigmoidoscopy is painful	2.49	2.11	.03	2.47	2.64	.18	2.21	1.93	.07
Anxious because don't really understand what is done	1.87	1.97	.47	2.16	2.37	.05	2.26	2.01	.009
Following special diet or taking laxative, enema keeps me from having flexible sigmoidoscopy	1.86	1.79	.58	1.80	2.14	<.001	1.82	1.71	.007
Colonoscopy (n = 539)^{^‖}
I think colonoscopy is painful	2.69	1.82	<.001	2.12	2.46	.003	2.21	1.93	.007
I am anxious because I don't really understand what is done	2.13	1.77	.12	1.92	2.35	<0.001	2.06	1.71	<.001
I am afraid of possible bleeding or tearing of colon	2.44	1.79	.002	1.96	2.28	.001	2.02	1.85	.05
Special diet or taking laxatives or enema will keep me from having a colonoscopy	1.69	1.64	.79	1.75	2.05	<.001	1.82	1.71	.16
I will have transportation problems (need someone to drive you home)	1.80	1.57	.20	1.62	2.021.86	<.001	1.74	1.50	.001
General: all tests (n = 559)^{^¶}
Find CRC early may save my life	3.53	3.68	.001	3.64	3.57	.21	3.61	3.71	.078
If you find CRC early, it is not as bad	3.42	3.54	.017	3.51	3.43	.21	3.47	3.60	.038
Need to find CRC early	3.44	3.58	.002	3.52	3.55	.70	3.52	3.60	.130
Finding CRC decrease chances of dying from it	3.22	3.45	.001	3.41	3.14	.002	3.33	3.52	.020
If screened for CRC, then I would worry less	3.20	3.47	<.001	3.41	3.19	.004	3.35	3.45	.165
Benefits scale (n = 484) (summed benefits items)	16.88	17.84	<.001	17.59	16.99	.04	17.37	18.01	.013

↵* Survey used 4-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = agree, 4 = strongly agree).
↵† Includes all respondents who completed these items; current status based on any current colorectal cancer (CRC) test.
↵‡ Includes respondents who had heard of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) prior to interview; current status based on current status on FOBT test.
↵§ Includes respondents who had heard of flexible sigmoidoscopy prior to interview; current status based on current status on flexible sigmoidoscopy test.
↵‖ Includes respondents who had heard of colonoscopy prior to interview; current status based on current status on colonoscopy test.
↵¶ Includes all respondents who completed these items; current status based on any current CRC test.