Table 4. Cox Proportional Hazards Models for Each Severity of Illness Subgroup
Independent VariablesHazard Ratio (95% CI)χ2 StatisticP
Disabled
    Age1.07 (1.03–1.11)12.40.0004
    Sex (female)0.54 (0.31–0.95)4.530.033
    Marital status (married)0.69 (0.40–1.18)1.830.18
    Education0.92 (0.68–1.23)0.330.56
    Income1.08 (0.76–1.54)0.170.68
    Body mass index0.98 (0.94–1.01)1.560.21
    General Health (SF-36)0.99 (0.98–1.00)2.760.10
    Morbidity Index1.02 (0.84–1.23)0.0430.84
    Visits with other providers0.84 (0.69–1.02)3.090.079
    Years with current PCP1.00 (0.97–1.02)0.0620.80
    CPCI*
        Comprehensive (0–6)1.11 (0.77–1.60)0.320.57
        Accumulated knowledge (0–6)1.03 (0.78–1.37)0.0460.83
        Communication (0–6)1.02 (0.79–1.31)0.0230.88
        Preference for regular doctor (0–6)1.01 (0.72–1.40)0.00110.97
        Coordination (0–6)1.20 (0.86–1.66)1.160.28
        Advocacy (0–6)1.24 (0.82–1.87)1.050.30
        Family (0–6)1.07 (0.89–1.29)0.570.45
        Community (0–6)1.08 (0.90–1.30)0.740.39
        UPC (0–1)1.94 (0.83–4.54)2.330.13
Total CPCI (0–49)1.02 (0.98–1.08)0.930.33
Nondisabled, high users
    Age1.10 (1.05–1.16)14.10.0002
    Sex (female)0.26 (0.13–0.51)15.00.0001
    Marital status (married)0.34 (0.17–0.66)10.00.0016
    Education1.21 (0.78–1.87)0.740.39
    Income1.02 (0.62–1.68)0.00690.93
    Body mass index0.98 (0.92–1.04)0.580.45
    General Health (SF-36)0.98 (0.96–1.00)4.170.041
    Morbidity Index1.50 (1.16–1.93)9.430.0021
    Visits with other providers1.08 (0.98–1.25)0.950.33
    Years with current PCP1.01 (0.98–1.05)0.790.37
    CPCI*
        Comprehensive (0–6)1.07 (0.67–1.69)0.0750.78
        Accumulated knowledge (0–6)1.18 (0.76–1.83)0.530.47
        Communication (0–6)1.01 (0.68–1.50)0.0010.98
        Preference for regular doctor (0–6)1.29 (0.82–2.05)1.200.27
        Coordination (0–6)1.43 (0.99–2.07)3.580.058
        Advocacy (0–6)1.86 (1.09–3.17)5.110.024
        Family (0–6)0.93 (0.73–1.17)0.430.51
        Community (0–6)1.05 (0.82–1.33)0.130.71
        UPC (0–1)0.69 (0.19–2.59)0.300.58
Total CPCI (0–49)0.48 (0.13–1.80)1.180.28
Nondisabled, low users
    Age1.07 (1.03–1.10)13.00.0003
    Sex (female)0.55 (0.33–0.90)5.560.018
    Marital status (married)0.54 (0.31–0.92)5.040.025
    Education1.47 (1.06–2.04)5.280.022
    Income0.75 (0.53–1.05)2.810.094
    Body mass index1.00 (0.96–1.05)0.0130.91
    General Health (SF-36)0.98 (0.97–1.00)6.250.013
    Morbidity Index1.22 (0.98–1.50)3.260.071
    Visits with other providers0.86 (0.70–1.05)2.130.14
    Years with current PCP0.99 (0.97–1.02)0.240.63
    CPCI*
        Comprehensive (0–6)0.86 (0.61–1.23)0.670.41
        Accumulated knowledge (0–6)0.81 (0.62–1.05)2.640.10
        Communication (0–6)0.79 (0.61–1.02)3.270.071
        Preference for regular doctor (0–6)1.13 (0.84–1.54)0.640.42
        Coordination (0–6)0.91 (0.72–1.14)0.720.40
        Advocacy (0–6)0.95 (0.66–1.35)0.0990.75
        Family (0–6)0.92 (0.77–1.09)1.000.32
        Community (0–6)0.90 (0.76–1.06)1.680.20
        UPC (0–1)0.51 (0.23–1.13)2.760.096
Total CPCI (0–49)0.97 (0.93–1.02)1.530.22
  • * CPCI total and subscale scores were entered separately (10 separate models are represented).

  • PCP, primary care physician; CPCI, Components of Primary Care Index (scale 0–5 for subscales, 0–40 for total); UPC, proportion of care from PCP.