Laboratory Results of 63 Primary Care Patients With Resistant Hypertension
| Resistant Hypertension | Resistant Hypertension and Elevated ARR | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients (n) | 63 | 15 | |
| Age (mean years [SD]) | 69.2 (10.4) | 64.8 (12.0) | .208* |
| Female (n [%]) | 44 (69.8) | 10 (66.7) | |
| Retired (n [%]) | 53 (84.1) | 11 (73.3) | |
| White (n [%]) | 100 (10.0) | 100 (10.0) | |
| SHI (n [%]) | 62‡ (98.4) | 15 (100) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) (mean [SD]) | 31.3 (5.5) | 30.9 (5.3) | .762* |
| ACE inhibitors (n [%]) | 58 (92.1) | 13 (86.7) | |
| ABA (n [%]) | 53 (84.0) | 15 (100) | |
| CCB (n [%]) | 37 (58.7) | 5 (33.3) | |
| AAA (n [%]) | 9 (14.3) | 3 (20.0) | |
| Diuretics (n [%]) | 61 (96.8) | 14 (93.3) | |
| Creatinine (mean mg/dl [SD]) | 0.97 (0.23) | 0.98 (0.19) | .816* |
| Potassium (mean mEq/l [SD]) | 4.3 (0.47) | 4.1 (0.52) | .245* |
| Aldosterone (median pg/mL [IQR]) | |||
| With β-blocker | 109 (73.0–168.0) (n = 29) | 157 (116.5–202.5) (n = 11) | .076† |
| Without β-blocker | 108 (52.5–140.8) (n = 34) | 180 (138.2–204.5) (n = 4) | .122† |
| Renin (median pg/mL [IQR]) | |||
| With β-blocker | 5.6 (3.0–24.1, n = 29) | 1.2 (1.1–2.2) (n = 11) | <.001† |
| Without β-blocker | 9.0 (4.2–29.5, n = 34) | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) (n = 4) | .005† |
| ARR (median [IQR]) | |||
| With β-blocker | 17.1 (6.0–36.5, n = 29) | 106.2 (68.1–177.5) (n = 11) | <.001† |
| Without β-blocker | 8.9 (3.9–24.1, n = 34) | 137.1 (100.0–186.5) (n = 4) | .005† |
↵* t test.
↵† Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
↵‡ The remaining patient had private insurance.
AAA, adrenergic alpha- antagonists; ABA, adrenergic beta-antagonists; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARR, aldosterone-renin ratio; BMI, body mass index; CCB, calcium channel blocker; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; SHI, social health insurance by statute.