Comparison of Patients who Chose Treatment and Observation by Prostate Cancer-Related and Health Factors
| Factors | Overall (n [%]) | Treatment (n [%]) | Observation (n [%]) | P* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gleason Grade | n = 184 | n = 161 | N = 23 | |
| 2–4 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 5–6 | 103 (55.9) | 84 (52.1) | 19 (82.6) | |
| 7 | 62 (33.7) | 60 (37.3) | 2 (8.7) | |
| 8–10 | 19 (10.3) | 17 (10.6) | 2 (8.7) | 0.02 |
| Mean ± SD | 6.6 ± 0.7 | 6.6 ± 0.7 | 6.2 ± 0.7 | 0.02 |
| Prostate-specific antigen test | n = 183 | n = 161 | n = 23 | |
| ≤10 | 159 (86.9) | 139 (86.3) | 21 (91.3) | |
| >10 | 24 (13.1) | 22 (13.7) | 2 (8.7) | 0.74 |
| Mean ± SD | 6.7 ± 5.3 | 6.8 ± 5.5 | 5.6 ± 3.4 | 0.14 |
| Life expectancy by age (years) | n = 183 | n = 160 | N = 23 | |
| <10 | 4 (2.2) | 2 (1.3) | 2 (8.7) | |
| 10–20 | 104 (56.8) | 86 (53.8) | 18 (78.3) | |
| ≥20 | 75 (40.9) | 72 (45.0) | 3 (13.0) | 0.002* |
| Comorbidity score | n = 184 | n = 161 | N = 23 | |
| 0 | 74 (40.2) | 66 (40.9) | 8 (34.8) | |
| 1 | 75 (40.8) | 67 (41.6) | 8 (34.8) | |
| 2 | 27 (14.7) | 23 (14.3) | 4 (17.4) | |
| ≥3 | 8 (4.4) | 5 (3.1) | 3 (13.0) | 0.16 |
| Mean ± SD | 0.9 ± 1.0 | 0.83 ± 0.96 | 1.26 ± 1.5 | 0.18 |
| Short Form-36 subscales | ||||
| Physical component summary | n = 142 | n = 134 | n = 8 | |
| Mean ± SD | 54.5 ± 7.6 | 54.5 ± 7.2 | 52.6 ± 12.3 | 0.66 |
| Mental component summary | n = 142 | n = 134 | n = 8 | |
| Mean ± SD | 44.1 ± 6.8 | 43.9 ± 6.9 | 46.4 ± 4.5 | 0.29 |
| Prostate cancer index | ||||
| Urinary | n = 141 | n = 132 | n = 9 | |
| Mean ± SD | 90.2 ± 16.9 | 90.1 ± 17.4 | 91.3 ± 9.3 | 0.83 |
| Bowel | n = 142 | n = 133 | n = 9 | |
| Mean ± SD | 88.8 ± 12.5 | 88.5 ± 12.8 | 92.9 ± 4.5 | 0.03 |
| Sexual | n = 137 | n = 128 | n = 9 | |
| Mean ± SD | 57.7 ± 29.9 | 57.8 ± 30.4 | 55.4 ± 23.8 | 0.82 |
| Urinary Bother | n = 144 | n = 135 | n = 9 | |
| Mean ± SD | 86.1 ± 23.0 | 85.9 ± 23.4 | 88.9 ± 18.2 | 0.71 |
| Bowel Bother | n = 144 | n = 135 | n = 9 | |
| Mean ± SD | 92.5 ± 17.5 | 92.0 ± 17.9 | 100 ± 0.0 | <0.0001 |
| Sexual Bother | n = 142 | n = 133 | n = 9 | |
| Mean ± SD | 65.8 ± 36.8 | 65.4 ± 36.8 | 72.2 ± 38.4 | 0.59 |
| Fear of cancer recurrence | n = 141 | n = 133 | n = 8 | |
| Mean ± SD | 10.7 ± 3.8 | 10.7 ± 3.7 | 10.9 ± 4.5 | 0.92 |