Table 3.

Staged Logistic Regressions for 1998 to 1999 Panel

Variables	Physician Variables Only	Physician + Practice Variables	Physician + Practice + Effects Variables	Physician + Practice + Effect + Perception Variables
Physician Variables
Race (white)	0.259 (0.070)^§	0.209 (0.079)^†	0.183 (0.082)^*	-0.171 (0.085)^*
Gender (female)	0.000 (0.070)	0.010 (0.079)	0.009 (0.080)	0.061 (0.083)
Salaried	0.396 (0.060)^§	0.097 (0.084)	0.110 (0.085)	0.108 (0.088)
Specialty
Internal medicine	0.609 (0.307)^*	0.716 (0.359)^*	0.707 (0.360)^*	0.775 (0.371)^*
Family practice	0.865 (0.306)^‡	0.732 (0.360)^*	0.767 (0.362)^*	0.782 (0.373)^*
Pediatrics	1.208 (0.311)^§	1.276 (0.368)^§	1.274 (0.370)^§	1.298 (0.381)^§
Began practice after 1975	0.291 (0.072)^§	0.349 (0.082)^§	0.351 (0.083)^§	0.331 (0.087)^§
Importance of control of decisions (Very Important)	—	—	—	—
Practice variables
Weeks practicing per year (n)		-0.032 (0.014)^*	-0.031 (0.014)^*	-0.021 (0.014)
Hours per week in patient care (n)		-0.003 (0.003)	-0.003 (0.003)	-0.001 (0.003)
Multiple practices		-0.221 (0.117)	-0.196 (0.119)	-0.199 (0.123)
Solo practice		-0.211 (0.094)^*	-0.188 (0.095)^*	-0.197 (0.099)^*
No assistants		-0.185 (0.078)^*	-0.155 (0.080)	-0.104 (0.083)
Frequently obtain high-quality services
Ancillary services		0.418 (0.094)^§	0.419 (0.095)^§	0.253 (0.099)^*
Imaging		0.647 (0.142)^§	0.602 (0.144)^§	0.406 (0.149)^†
Mental health care		0.522 (0.070)^§	0.531 (0.070)^§	0.381 (0.073)^§
Referrals		0.405 (0.141)^‡	0.414 (0.142)^‡	0.209 (0.146)
Revenue
From Medicaid (%)		0.002 (0.002)	0.002 (0.002)	0.001 (0.002)
From Medicare (%)		-0.003 (0.002)	-0.004 (0.002)^*	-0.004 (0.002)^*
From managed care (%)		-0.004 (0.001)^‡	-0.004 (0.001)^‡	-0.003 (0.001)^*
Care for adults and children		0.269 (0.165)	0.249 (0.167)	0.305 (0.172)
Patients with formulary (%)		—	—	—
Effect variables
Moderate effect on practice
Computer-generated patient data			0.100 (0.070)	0.067 (0.073)
Guidelines			-0.129 (0.072)	-0.090 (0.074)
Patient profiles			0.025 (0.075)	0.066 (0.077)
Reminders			-0.052 (0.073)	0.018 (0.075)
Patient surveys			-0.016 (0.070)	-0.020 (0.073)
Computer-generated treatment alternative			0.128 (0.075)	0.162 (0.078)^*
Information Technology (IT) uses (n)			—	—
Perceptions variables
Expected complexity				-0.539 (0.078)^§
Perceived autonomy				1.029 (0.081)^§
Χ² (p)	146.93 (0.000)	371.54 (0.000)	370.72 (0.000)	614.67 (0.000)
-2LogL	7127.1	6079.5	5968.9	5637.2
Hosmer-Lemeshow Χ² (p)	14.26 (0.075)	11.48 (0.176)	12.35 (0.136)	11.20 (0.191)
Nagelkerke Adjusted R²	0.032	0.089	0.090	0.149

All data provided as β (SE).
* P ≤ .05.
† P ≤ .01.
‡ P ≤ .005.
§ P ≤ .001.