Table 1.

Demographic Characteristics of 1482 Persons with Diabetes and Time Spent on Foot Care, Exercise, Food Preparation, and in Total Self-Care

Characteristic (%)^*	Foot Care		Exercise		Shopping and Cooking		Total Time Spent^†
Characteristic (%)^*	% Not Engaging^‡	Mean Non-Zero Time, min/day (25%, 75%)	% Not Engaging	Mean Non-Zero Time, min/day (25%, 75%)	% Not Engaging	Mean Non-Zero Time, min/day (25%, 75%)	Mean min/day (25%, 75%)
All Patients	37.9	13 (5, 15)	37.7	32 (15, 38)	54.4	48 (30, 60)	58 (19, 84)
Age, years
<45 (15.1%)	35.9	10 (5, 15)^§	37.7	33 (15, 38)^§	51.2	44 (20, 60)^§	56 (21, 77)
45 to 54 (27.0%)	39.6	12 (5, 15)^§	34.8	33 (15, 40)^§	53.0	44 (20, 60)^§	60 (21, 87)
55 to 64 (32.2%)	37.9	13 (5, 15)^§	37.5	34 (20, 45)^§	57.5	47 (20, 60)^§	58 (19, 80)
>65 (25.7%)	37.2	17 (5, 30)^§	41.0	28 (15, 30)^§	54.1	55 (30, 60)^§	58 (15, 89)
Sex
Female (51.6%)	32.3^§	14 (5, 20)	40.7^§	29 (15, 30)^§	46.0^§	51 (30, 60)^§	63 (22, 90)^§
Male (48.3%)	43.8^§	13 (5, 15)	34.4^§	35 (15, 45)^§	63.6^§	42 (15, 60)^§	53 (15, 75)^§
Education
<High school (52.6%)	35.8^§	15 (5, 20)^§	41.5^§	31 (15, 30)	51.8^§	52 (30, 60)^§	60 (19, 89)^§
Some college (25.5%)	35.5^§	13 (5, 15)^§	34.9^§	33 (18, 45)	53.9^§	46 (20, 60)^§	59 (20, 82)^§
>4 years college (21.4%)	45.3^§	9 (5, 10)^§	31.7^§	33 (15, 45)	61.6^§	38 (15, 60)^§	52 (18, 73)^§
Ethnicity
African American (36.2%)	29.9^§	17 (5, 20)^§	36.6	32 (15, 30)	49.4^§	52 (30, 60)^§	65 (22, 95)^§
White (47.0%)	43.1^§	10 (5, 10)^§	37.4	33 (15, 45)	60.9^§	39 (15, 60)^§	51 (16, 74)^§
Others (13.4%)	40.9^§	14 (5, 15)^§	42.1	31 (15, 30)	44.8^§	55 (30, 60)^§	65 (24, 93)^§

* Percentage of the total study sample (n = 1482) with this characteristic. For example, 36.2% of the sample was African American.
† Total time spent is for the 3 listed elements plus self-testing and insulin injection (see text).
‡ Percentage of the individuals with each characteristic that did not engage in this activity. For example, 29.9% of African Americans did not engage in foot care.
§ P <.05.