Baseline and Poststudy Characteristics of All Randomized Participants*
| Pedometer Group (n = 50) | Comparison Group (n = 44) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Post | Baseline | Post | |
| Demographic measures | ||||
| Age (years) | 38.0 ± 12.4 | — | 44.3 ± 13.8† | — |
| Gender (female) | 31 (62%) | — | 32 (64%) | — |
| Weight (lbs) | 194.3 ± 44.2 | — | 192.8 ± 53.1 | — |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.5 ± 7.3 | — | 31.5 ± 9.8 | — |
| Systolic BP (mm/Hg) | 114.9 ± 11.8 | — | 118.6 ± 17.5 | — |
| Diastolic BP (mm/Hg) | 68.9 ± 9.1 | — | 69.6 ± 8.9 | — |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 76.1 ± 9.6 | — | 77.8 ± 11.6 | — |
| Diabetes | 3 (6%) | — | 4 (9%) | — |
| Hypertension | 6 (12%) | — | 5 (11%) | — |
| Hyperlipidemia | 7 (14%) | — | 10 (23%) | — |
| Smoker | 13 (26%) | — | 15 (34%) | — |
| Lifestyle walking questionnaire | ||||
| LWQ 1: Blocks walked per day | 7.6 ± 8.6 | 12.5 ± 13.3 | 7.4 ± 8.1 | 10.3 ± 9.3 |
| LWQ 2: Blocks would walk vs. ride in car/bus | 4.3 ± 3.7 | 5.2 ± 4.8 | 3.6 ± 3.3 | 4.4 ± 3.5 |
| LWQ 3: Stairflights climbed per day | 7.1 ± 8.0 | 7.9 ± 8.5 | 6.1 ± 5.7 | 6.3 ± 6.0 |
| LWQ 4: Stairflights would climb vs. take elevator | 1.8 ± 1.8 | 2.6 ± 2.2 | 1.6 ± 1.9 | 2.1 ± 2.3 |
| LWQ 5: Days per week walking >30 minutes total | 1.6 ± 1.6 | 2.3 ± 2.1 | 1.5 ± 1.8 | 2.5 ± 2.2 |
| LWQ 6: Frequency rating of walking short trips‡ | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 3.2 ± 1.6 | 3.1 ± 1.5 | 3.2 ± 1.5 |
| LWQ 7: Frequency rating of walking for fun/leisure‡ | 2.5 ± 1.3 | 3.0 ± 1.5 | 2.4 ± 1.1 | 2.8 ± 1.2 |
| Walking stage-of-change | ||||
| Precontemplation | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 2 (5%) |
| Contemplation | 17 (34%) | 9 (18%) | 16 (36%) | 11 (25%) |
| Preparation | 28 (56%) | 28 (56%) | 23 (52%) | 18 (40%) |
| Action | 3 (6%) | 9 (18%) | 2 (5%) | 11 (25%) |
| Maintenance | 2 (4%) | 4 (8%) | 2 (5%) | 2 (5%) |
| Walking self-efficacy rating | 21.2 ± 4.4 | 20.7 ± 5.3 | 20.1 ± 6.8 | 20.5 ± 7.3 |
* Values for continuous variables are given as mean ± SD. Values for categorical variables are given as frequency (percentage of group total). For participants unavailable at follow-up, poststudy values were calculated by carrying the baseline value forward (intent-to-treat).
† Statistically significant difference (P < .05) between pedometer and comparison group.
‡ Scaled from 1 to 6 (1 = never, 2 = ∼1/month, 3 = ∼1/week, 4 = ∼3/week, 5 = ∼1/day, 6 = ≥3/day).