Imaging Modes Used and Their Risk and Benefits
| Diagnostic Test | Advantage | Disadvantage |
|---|---|---|
| Duplex Ultrasound | Inexpensive, reproducible, noninvasive | Failure to detect thrombus under clavicle in subclavian vein |
| CT | Vessel compression from outside; may define central thrombus | Contrast required; not validated in entirety |
| MRI | Detects central thrombus with accuracy; good evaluation of collaterals | Unsuitable for patients with metal implant or pacemaker; claustrophobia |