Da Qing (1997)24 | Over 25 years IGT | 577 | Randomized (by clinic) controlled trial | Diet and Exercise | 42% | 15.7% per year (9.6% per year) | 16.4/6 years |
DPS (2001)22 | 40–65 years BMI ≥25 kg/m2 IGT | 522 | Randomized controlled trial | Diet and Exercise | 58% | 7.8% per year (3.2% per year) | 22/year or 5/5 years |
DPP (lifestyle) (2002)21 | ≥25 years BMI ≥24 kg/m2 IGT | 3234 | Randomized controlled trial | Diet and Exercise | 58% | 11.0% per year (4.8% per year) | 6.9/3 years |
DPP (metformin) (2002)21 | ≥25 years BMI ≥24 kg/m2 IGT | 3234 | Randomized controlled trial | Metformin | 31% | 11.0% per year (7.8% per year) | 13.9/3 years |
TRIPOD (2002)35 | Hispanic nondiabetic women with history of gestational diabetes | 235 | Randomized controlled trial | Troglitazone | 56% | 12.1% per year (5.4% per year) | 15/year |
STOP-NIDDM (2002)27 | 40–70 years BMI 25–40 km/m2 IGT FPG 100–140 mg/dL | 1429 | Randomized controlled trial | Acarbose | 25–36% | 26% over 3.3 years (17% over 3.3 years) | 11.5/3.3 years |
XENDOS (2004)28 | BMI ≥30 kg/m2 30–60 years | 3305 | Randomized controlled trial | Orlistat | 33.7% | 9.0% over 4 years (6.2% over 4 years) | 36/4 years (10/4 years with IGT) |
SOS (1999)32 | 37–60 years BMI ≥38 (women) or BMI ≥34 kg/m2 (men) | 1690 | Case-control study | Bariatric surgery | 97% | 6.3% over 2 years (0.2% over 2 years) | 16/2 years |