Outcome | OB* (n = 2318) | FP (n = 802) | Unadjusted Risk Ratio [95% CI] |
---|---|---|---|
Episiotomy | 1248 (54%) | 261 (33%) | 1.65 [1.49 to 1.84] |
Epidural anesthesia | 2097 (91%) | 677 (84%) | 1.07 [1.04 to 1.11] |
Induction | 742 (32%) | 193 (24%) | 1.33 [1.16 to 1.52] |
Forceps extraction | 342 (15%) | 34 (4%) | 3.07 [2.18 to 4.33] |
Vacuum extraction | 16 (1%) | 74 (9%) | 0.08 [0.04 to 0.13] |
Third or fourth degree perineal laceration | 83 (4%) | 23 (3%) | 1.25 [0.79 to 1.97] |
Malposition | 37 (2%) | 17 (2%) | 0.75 [0.43 to 1.33] |
Shoulder dystocia | 14 (1%) | 13 (2%) | 0.37 [0.18 to 0.79] |
Abnormal fetal heart rate/rhythm | 105 (5%) | 27 (3%) | 1.35 [0.89 to 2.04] |
Infant weight >4 kg | 214 (9%) | 59 (7%) | 1.26 [0.95 to 1.66] |
* OB, obstetrician; FP, family physician; CI, 95% confidence interval.