Table 3.

Census Tract Characteristics Associated With Being in a Retail Clinic Catchment Area (Multivariate Model)

Census Block CharacteristicsOdds Ratio (95% CI)
Children/adolescents (<18 years old)
    Quartile 1 (<17.9%)1.64 (1.57–1.71)
    Quartile 2 (≥17.9% and <25.3%)1.28 (1.24–1.32)
    Quartile 3 (≥25.3% and <32.5%)1.14 (1.12–1.17)
    Quartile 4 (≥32.5%)Reference group
Elderly (older than 65 years)
    Quartile 1 (<5.4%)1.23 (1.18–1.28)
    Quartile 2 (≥5.4% and <11.1%)1.19 (1.15–1.23)
    Quartile 3 (≥11.1% and <19.0%)1.11 (1.09–1.14)
    Quartile 4 (≥19.0%)Reference group
Nonwhite*
    Quartile 1 (0%)Reference group
    Quartile 2 (≥0% and <10.7%)1.28 (1.25–1.32)
    Quartile 3 (≥10.7% and <34.6%)1.38 (1.33–1.43)
    Quartile 4 (≥34.6%)1.36 (1.28–1.45)
Hispanic*
    Group 1 (0%)Reference group
    Group 2 (≥0% and <12.9%)1.30 (1.27–1.33)
    Group 3 (≥12.9%)1.45 (1.37–1.52)
Male
    Quartile 1 (<44.4%)Reference group
    Quartile 2 (≥44.4% and <48.6%)1.03 (1.01–1.04)
    Quartile 3 (≥48.6% and <52.6%)1.03 (1.01–1.04)
    Quartile 4 (≥52.6%)1.05 (1.03–1.07)
Median household income
    Quartile 1 (<$30, 781)Reference group
    Quartile 2 (≥$30,781 and <$40,391)1.52 (1.36–1.69)
    Quartile 3 (≥$40,391 and <$54,779)2.44 (2.20–2.71)
    Quartile 4 (≥$54,779)3.63 (3.26–4.05)
  • This table focuses only on the urban population and defines retail clinic catchment area based on a 5-minute driving distance.

  • * We could not define 4 quartiles for these variables because of skew (a large number of census blocks with 0% nonwhite or Hispanic population). For the Hispanic percentage variable we divided the census blocks into 3 groups. For the nonwhite percentage variable we divided the census blocks into 4 groups, but the quartile 1 group had slightly more than a quarter of the census blocks whereas the quartile 2 group had slightly less than a quarter.