Contraindications to Exercise Stress Testing
| Absolute |
| Acute myocardial infarction (within 2 days) |
| High-risk unstable angina |
| Uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias |
| Symptomatic severe aortic stenosis |
| Uncontrolled symptomatic heart failure |
| Acute pulmonary embolus or pulmonary infarction |
| Acute myocarditis or pericarditis |
| Acute aortic dissection |
| Relative |
| Left main coronary stenosis |
| Moderate stenotic valvular heart disease |
| Electrolyte abnormalities |
| Severe arterial hypertension (>200/110) |
| Tachyarrhythmias or bradyarrhythmias |
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other forms of outflow tract obstruction |
| Mental or physical impairment leading to inability or willingness to exercise adequately |
| High-degree atrioventricular block |
Modified from ref. 10.