Study | 30-day or In-hospital Rates | 1 year | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MR (%) | OR | ORadj | MR (%) | OR | ORadj | |
Chen et al | ||||||
Card* | 16.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 26.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Spec | 20.2 | 1.32† | 0.98 | 36.9 | 1.60† | 1.05 |
IM | 19.2 | 1.24† | 0.99 | 33.6 | 1.38† | 1.03 |
FP | 19.7 | 1.28† | 0.96 | 34.4 | 1.43† | 1.01 |
GP | 22.2 | 1.49† | 1.06 | 37.0 | 1.60† | 1.08 |
Frances et al7 | ||||||
Card* | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
NC | 1.30† | 1.04† | 1.37† | 1.10† | ||
NC (IV) | 1.10 | 1.06 | ||||
Norcini et al18‡ | ||||||
Card* | 8.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
IM | 11.9 | 1.45† | 1.25† | |||
FP | 10.8 | 1.30† | 1.25† | |||
Frances et al23 | ||||||
Card* | 18.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 31.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Spec | 25.6 | 1.48† | 1.25† | 46.5 | 1.91† | 1.20† |
IM | 21.0 | 1.14† | 1.25† | 43.0 | 1.66† | 1.11† |
FP | 21.7 | 1.19† | 1.11† | 43.0 | 1.66† | 1.30† |
Nash et al9‡ age <65 | ||||||
Card* | 4.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Generalists | 4.3 | 1.05 | 0.95 | |||
Nash et al9‡ age >65 (in hospital rates) | ||||||
Card* | 13.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Generalists | 16.8 | 1.27 | 1.22 | |||
Casale et al10‡ | ||||||
Card* | 8.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
Gen | 11.8 | 1.44† | 1.20† | |||
Nash et al13‡ | 1.00 | |||||
Card* | 7.9 | 1.00 | 1.26† | |||
IM | 12.0 | 1.59 | 1.29† | |||
FP | 11.1 | 1.44 | ||||
Ayanian et al6 | ||||||
Card* | 16.6 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 24.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Gen | 20.8 | 1.32† | 1.06 | 29.5 | 1.30† | 0.99 |
Jollis et al22 | ||||||
Card* | 15.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
IM | 20.3 | 1.37† | NR | 34.0 | 1.37† | 1.14† |
FP | 20.4 | 1.38† | NR | 34.7 | 1.42† | 1.11† |
GP | 22.1 | 1.52† | NR | 36.1 | 1.50† | 1.20† |
Uk | 24.7 | 1.76† | NR | 36.9 | 1.56† | 1.32† |
* Reference group. Odds ratios are 1.00 because cardiologists are the reference group.
† Significant at P < .01.
‡ Studies reported mortality rates in the hospital rather than 30 day. MR, mortality rate; OR, odds ratios of cardiologist compared with other specialties; ORadj, adjusted odds ratio; Card, cardiologists; Spec, internal medicine subspecialist not in cardiology,; IM, general internist; FP, family physician; GP, general practice; N-C, non-cardiologists; NC (IV), noncardiologist adjusting for instrumental variable; NR, not reported; Uk, unknown.