| Survey Items* | Pre Mean (SE) | Post Mean (SE) | Difference (SE) | P-value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mini Z Items‡ | ||||
| Job satisfaction | 3.88 (0.08) | 3.72 (0.11) | -0.15 (0.14) | 0.28 |
| Job Stress | 3.64 (0.11) | 3.58 (0.1) | -0.06 (0.15) | 0.69 |
| Burnout | 2.56 (0.09) | 2.58 (0.11) | 0.02 (0.14) | 0.91 |
| Control over my workload | 2.66 (0.1) | 2.71 (0.12) | 0.05 (0.16) | 0.76 |
| Documentation Time Sufficiency | 2.34 (0.12) | 2.38 (0.12) | 0.04 (0.17) | 0.81 |
| Work area chaos | 3.2 (0.11) | 3.26 (0.08) | 0.06 (0.14) | 0.65 |
| Alignment of Professional values with department leaders | 3.83 (0.09) | 3.67 (0.12) | -0.16 (0.15) | 0.30 |
| Care team efficiency | 3.41 (0.1) | 3.51 (0.11) | 0.09 (0.15) | 0.53 |
| Time spent in EMR at home | 2.28 (0.14) | 2.2 (0.13) | -0.07 (0.19) | 0.70 |
| Mini Z score | 27.79 (0.28) | 27.61 (0.38) | -0.18 (0.47) | 0.71 |
| E-Message Burden Items§ | ||||
| Less work to communicate with patients via patient e-messages∥ | 3 (0.08) | 3 (0.09) | 0 (0.12) | 1.00 |
| Patient e-messages are too long∥ | 3.28 (0.08) | 3.14 (0.08) | -0.14 (0.11) | 0.20 |
| Patients send e-messages too frequently∥ | 3.38 (0.07) | 3.33 (0.07) | -0.04 (0.1) | 0.66 |
| Patient e-messages are too complex∥ | 3.45 (0.07) | 3.3 (0.07) | -0.15 (0.09) | 0.11 |
| Patient e-messages are a source of stress # | 4.14 (0.08) | 3.91 (0.1) | -0.23 (0.13) | 0.08 |
| Patient e-messages enhance my relationship with patients# | 3.34 (0.09) | 3.36 (0.12) | 0.02 (0.15) | 0.87 |
| My work schedule leaves me enough time for my personal and/or family life# | 2.79 (0.12) | 2.7 (0.12) | -0.1 (0.17) | 0.56 |
* The survey items were based on the Mini Z burnout inventory and other similar surveys.1,4,7,8
† Mean Likert scale responses pre-/post- were compared using unadjusted linear regression.
‡ Higher Mini Z responses are more favorable. Mini Z items are based on a 5-point Likert scale.
§ Higher patient e-message responses indicate a higher level of agreement with the statement.
∥ Items are based on a 4-point Likert scale.
# Items are based on a 5-point Likert scale.