Table 2.

Subgroup Analysis

Feature	Category	Number of Literature	SMD	95%CI	P	I²	Effect Model
Years	<50	2	0.09	−0.54, 0.71	0.79	0%	Random
	≥50	25	0.42	0.16, 0.67	0.001	77%	Random
Different exercise times (minutes)	30 minutes	7	0.06	−0.36, 0.48	0.77	73%	Random
	>30 minutes, ≤45 minutes	11	0.52	0.25, 0.79	0.0002	56%	Random
	>45 minutes, ≤60 minutes	6	0.78	−0.17, 1.72	0.11	91%	Random
	>60 minutes	1	0.24	−0.55, 1.03	0.55	0%	Random
Different Intervention times (minutes)	>3 weeks, ≤6 weeks	8	0.82	0.12, 1.52	0.02	88%	Random
	>6 weeks, ≤10 weeks	8	0.17	−0.29, 0.63	0.47	77%	Random
	>10 weeks	9	0.33	0.10, 0.56	0.005	33%	Random
Intervention dose/frequency	1	2	0.33	−0.09, 0.75	0.12	0%	Random
	2	7	0.29	−0.01, 0.58	0.06	52%	Random
	3	10	0.30	−0.12, 0.71	0.16	76%	Random
	>3	6	0.97	0.11, 1.84	0.03	90%	Random
Intervention type	High Intensity Interval Training	3	0.13	−0.25, 0.52	0.49	0%	Random
	Mind-Body Training	7	0.37	0.10, 0.64	0.008	0%	Random
	Underwater Exercise	2	0.70	0.36, 1.05	<0.0001	0%	Random
	Virtual Reality Training	5	0.86	−0.17, 1.89	<0.00001	94%	Random
	Resistance Training	2	1.17	−0.08, 2.43	0.07	75%	Random
	Aerobic Exercise Training	6	0.14	−0.25, 0.54	0.48	73%	Random
Scale type	MCS	7	0.56	0.26, 0.85	0.0002	52%	Random
	EQ-5 Days, European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions	3	1.49	−0.60, 3.59	0.16	96%	Random
	SS-QOL	9	0.19	−0.20, 0.57	0.34	71%	Random
	Stroke Impact Scale domains	1	0.24	−0.55, 1.03	0.55	0%	Random
	SIS	2	0.26	−0.15, 0.66	0.22	0%	Random
	The SF-8 health survey	1	0.37	−0.52, 1.25	0.42	0%	Random
	The Stroke-Specific QoL	1	0.32	−0.38, 1.02	0.37	0%	Random
	HRQoL	1	0.27	−0.36, 0.89	0.40	0%	Random

Notes: MCS: SF-36 Mental Component Scale (MCS); SS-QOL: Stroke-specific Quality of Life (SS-QOL); HRQoL: health-related quality of life; EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5 Days); Stroke Impact Scale (SIS); Short Form 8 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-8).