Appendix Table 2.

Percent and Adjusted Odds of Insurance Churning Among Patients Seen in Community-Based Health Centers from 2014 to 2019* - Excluding 42,722 Patients with a Single Uninsured from Those Who Did Not Churn

	Total N = 257,436		Churned out of Insurance N = 39,542		Did not Churn out of Insurance N = 217,894		aOR of Churning (95% Cl)
	N	Col %	N	Row %	N	Row %	aOR of Churning (95% Cl)
Diabetes diagnosis
Yes	37,775	14.7	7,954	21.1	29,821	78.9	1.27 (1.19, 1.35)
No	219,661	85.3	31,588	14.4	188,073	85.6	Reference
Sex
Female	158,031	61.4	26,990	17.1	131,041	82.9	Reference
Male	99,405	38.6	12,552	12.6	86,853	87.4	0.76 (0.71, 0.82)
Age at baseline visit
19-44	143,124	55.6	21,819	15.2	121,305	84.8	Reference
45-64	114,312	44.4	17,723	15.5	96,589	84.5	0.85 (0.80, 0.90)
Race/Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White	112,487	43.7	11,940	10.6	10,0547	89.4	Reference
Hispanic	81,149	31.5	16,986	20.9	64,163	79.1	1.93 (1.61, 2.31)
Non-Hispanic Black	38,512	15	7,742	20.1	30,770	79.9	1.85 (1.59, 2.16)
Non-Hispanic Other	12,019	4.7	1,183	9.8	10,836	90.2	0.85 (0.73, 0.98)
Missing	13,269	5.2	1,691	12.7	11,578	87.3	1.25 (1.09, 1.43)
Baseline payor type
Medicaid	165,417	64.3	22,863	13.8	142,554	86.2	Reference
Private	92,019	35.7	16,679	18.1	75,340	81.9	1.71 (1.49, 1.96)
Federal poverty level
≤138%	179,246	69.6	30,672	17.1	148,574	82.9	1.34 (1.19, 1.51)
>138%	47,195	18.3	6,662	14.1	40,533	85.9	Reference
Missing	30,995	12	2,208	7.1	28,787	92.9	0.56 (0.44, 0.73)
Patients’ residence
Rural	70,817	27.5	8,548	12.1	62,269	87.9	Reference
Urban	186,619	72.5	30,994	16.6	155,625	83.4	1.18 (0.92, 1.51)
Comorbidities excluding diabetes
Mental health disorder only	32,046	12.4	4,582	14.3	27,464	85.7	1.06 (0.98, 1.14)
Physical comorbidity only	65,421	25.4	12,009	18.4	53,412	81.6	1.16 (1.09, 1.23)
Mental health and physical comorbidity	37,704	14.6	5,741	15.2	31,963	84.8	0.98 (0.89, 1.08)
None	122,265	47.5	17,210	14.1	105,055	85.9	Reference
Mean ambulatory visits, (SD)	12.4	10.9	15.4	13.7	11.8	10.3	1.03 (1.02, 1.03)

Abbreviations: aOR, Adjusted odds ratio, CI, Confidence interval; SD, standard deviation.
*Sample included non-pregnant patients aged 19-64 without Medicare coverage who had a baseline insured visit between 2014 and 2017, with ≥3 ambulatory visits occurring within the subsequent 3-year period, and at least 12 months separating the first and last of these visits between 2014 and 2019. Those who churned were defined as having ≥2 consecutive uninsured visits. Those who did not churn included those who had every visit insured. Those with one uninsured visit among those who did not churn were excluded Chi-square tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables were used to test for differences between churning groups, except for age groups, all were significant at p < .001.
Bolded estimates are significant at p < .05.