Shoulder Special Test Sensitivity and Specificity
| Shoulder Physical Exam | Relevant Shoulder Pathology | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hawkins61 | Subacromial impingement/Rotator cuff tendinopathy | 80% (0.72, 0.86) | 56% (0.45, 0.67) |
| Neers61 | Subacromial impingement/Rotator cuff tendinopathy | 72% (0.60, 0.81) | 60% (0.40, 0.77) |
| Painful arc62 | Subacromial impingement/Rotator cuff tendinopathy | 73.5% | 81.1% |
| Infraspinatus muscle strength test62 | Subacromial impingement/Rotator cuff tendinopathy | 41.6% | 90.1% |
| Active compression63 test | Labral Pathology | 43% (0.31, 0.56) | 89% (0.67, 0.97) |
| Yergason’s test61 | Biceps tendinopathy/labral pathology | 12.4% (6.60, 20.6) | 95.3% (90.6, 98.1) |
| Speeds33 | Biceps tendinopathy | 75% (0.54-0.96) | 45% (0.37-0.52) |
| Cross arm62 | AC Joint pathology | 26.9% | 88.4% |
| Internal rotation lag test64 | Subscapularis tendon tear | 41% | 91% |
| Apprehension/Relocation61 | Anterior Instability | 64.6% | 90.2% |
Abbreviations: AC, Acromioclavicular; CI, Confidence interval.