Table A1.

Association Between Patient Characteristics and Engagement Before and During COVID-19

	Before COVID-19		COVID-19
	n = 31,441		n = 11,904
Variable	Est. Odds Ratio	95% CI	Est. Odds Ratio	95% CI
Sociodemographics
Gender (reference group, Man)
Woman	1.21**	1.15 - 1.27	1.25**	1.15 - 1.36
Age, years (reference group, 18 to 39)
40 to 59	1.28**	1.21 - 1.36	1.28**	1.16 - 1.41
60+	1.28**	1.18 - 1.39	1.18*	1.03 - 1.35
Race (reference group, White)
Asian/Pacific Islander	1.12*	1.02 - 1.24	0.94	0.81 - 1.09
Black/African American	1.38**	1.29 - 1.47	1.23*	1.08 - 1.39
Hispanic/Latino	1.26**	1.17 - 1.35	1.12	0.99 - 1.26
Other	1.20**	1.1 - 1.32	1.03	0.88 - 1.20
Language (reference group, English)
Spanish	1.54**	1.42 - 1.67	1.57**	1.38 - 1.78
Other	1.04	0.92 - 1.16	1.11	0.93 - 1.33
Marital Status (reference group, Attached)
Previously Attached	1.04	0.96 - 1.12	1.03	0.90 - 1.19
Single	0.86**	0.81 - 0.92	0.90**	0.81 - 1.00
Unknown	0.37**	0.31 - 0.44	0.46**	0.37 - 0.59
History of Homelessness	1.29**	1.15 - 1.44	1.48**	1.18 - 1.87
Risk Tier (reference group, 1 - higher risk)
2, lower risk	1.48**	1.40 - 1.57	0.74**	0.67 - 0.81
Behavioral Acuity Level (reference group, Stable)
Mild - Moderate	1.40**	1.29 - 1.51	1.38**	1.22 - 1.55
Moderate - Severe	1.20**	1.10 - 1.32	1.27**	1.07 - 1.50
Medical History
AOD Dependence	1.01	0.95 - 1.08	0.8**	0.70 - 0.90
Cancer	1.20**	1.07 - 1.33	1.08	0.89 - 1.31
Chronic Pain	1.32**	1.25 - 1.39	1.29**	1.18 - 1.41
COPD	1.04	0.95 - 1.15	1.04	0.84 - 1.27
Depressive Disorder	1.19**	1.13 - 1.26	1.12*	1.02 - 1.24
Developmental Disorder	1.06	0.98 - 1.16	0.99	0.86- 1.14
Diabetes	1.12**	1.05 - 1.19	1.21**	1.08 - 1.36
Disability	1.14**	1.07 - 1.22	1.07	0.94 - 1.22
Liver Failure	1.17**	1.05 - 1.30	1.07	0.85 - 1.34

Boldface indicates statistical significance (*P < .05, **P < .01).
Abbreviations: AOD, alcohol and other drugs; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CI, confidence interval.