Appendix Table 4.

Vaccine Administration Reimbursement Change Magnitude and Duration for Each CPT Code

	2011 Medicaid Reimbursement	2012 Medicaid Reimbursement	2013 Medicaid Reimbursement	2014 Medicaid Reimbursement	2015 Medicaid Reimbursement	2016 Medicaid Reimbursement	2017 Medicaid Reimbursement	2018 Medicaid Reimbursement	2019 Medicaid Reimbursement
State	US$	US$	US$	US$	US$	US$	US$	US$	US$	2022 Medicaid Reimbursement	Reimbursement Change Category (% Change)^j	Temporary (2013-2014) Versus Extended (2013-2015) Reimbursement Change^j
a) Vaccine administration with counseling, CPT Code 90460^c
CO	6.00^a	6.00^a	21.68^d	21.68^d	18.93^b	18.93^b	18.93	18.93	19.12	19.75	Large	Extende^d
CT	15.00^a	15.00^a	23.41^d	23.41^d	15.05	15.05	15.05	15.05	15.05	15.05	Large	Temporary
IA	21.00^a	21.00^a	19.68^d	19.68^d	19.68	19.68	19.68	19.68	19.68	19.68	Smaller	NA
ID	20.00^h	20.00^a	24.00^d	23.00^d	22.98	23.28	23.28	23.73	19.23	19.29	Smaller	NA
MA	20.00^a	16.00^a	23.29^d	23.29^d	16.00	16.00	16.78	16.78^b	16.78^b	17.70	Large	Temporary
MI	8.00^a	8.00^a	23.03^d	23.03^d	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	Large	Temporary
MN	13.00^a	13.00^a	22.00^d	22.00^d	12.15	12.15	12.15	12.15	12.15	12.15	Large	Temporary
MO	12.00^a	12.00^a	21.53^d	21.53^d	12.84^e	12.84^f	12.84^f	12.84^f	12.84^f	13.73	Large	Temporary
MS	10.00^a	10.00^a	19.79^d	19.79^d	19.79	22.67	22.70	23.08	18.78	12.98	Large	Extende^d
MT	15.52	15.52	21.32^d	21.32^d	21.32	21.32	21.32	20.68	21.32	21.32	Large	Extende^d
NH	6.00^a	6.00^a	22.02^d	22.02^d	6.20^e	6.20^f	6.20^f	6.20^f	6.20^f	6.39	Large	Temporary
NM	12.00^a	12.00^a	20.80^a	20.80^a	20.80	20.80	20.80	20.80	20.80	20.80	Large	Extende^d
NV	8.00^a	8.00^a	22.57^a	22.57^a	22.22	22.22	22.22	22.22	22.22	22.22	Large	Extende^d
OK	12.90	12.90	20.00^d	20.00^d	17.48	16.96	16.96	16.96	17.47	18.34^g	Large	Temporary
SC	12.00^a	12.00^a	20.16^a	20.16^a	20.16	20.16	20.16	20.16	20.16	20.16	Large	Extende^d
TX	7.84	7.84	22.06^d	22.06^d	7.84	7.84	7.84	7.84	7.84	7.84	Large	Temporary
VT	14.00	19.39	20.65	20.08	21.21	21.21	25.99	20.94	16.95	13.87	Smaller	NA
WY	14.00^a	14.00^a	21.72^d	21.72^d	21.00^b	21.00^b	21.00	21.00	21.00	20.48	Large	Extended^d
b) Vaccine administration without counseling, CPT Code 90471^c
CO	6.00^a	6.00^a	21.68^d	21.68^d	18.93^b	18.93^b	18.93	18.93	19.12	19.75	Larger	Extended
CT	13.00^a	13.00^a	23.41^d	23.41^d	12.52	12.52	12.52	12.52	12.52	12.52	Larger	Temporary
IA	5.00^a	5.00^a	19.68^d	19.68^d	5.09	5.09	5.09	5.09	5.09	5.09	Larger	Temporary
ID	20.00^h	20.00^a	24.00^d	23.00^d	22.98	23.28	23.28	23.73	19.29	19.29	Smaller	NA
MA	17.00^a	18.00^a	23.29^d	23.29^d	16.00	16.00	16.78	16.78^b	16.78^b	17.70	Larger	Temporary
MI	8.00^a	8.00^a	23.03^d	23.03^d	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	7.00	Larger	Temporary
MN	15.00^a	15.00^a	22.00^d	22.00^d	12.15	12.15	12.15	12.15	12.15	12.15	Larger	Temporary
MO	12.00^a	12.00^a	21.53^d	21.53^d	12.34^e	12.34^f	12.34^f	12.34^f	12.34^f	13.21	Larger	Temporary
MS	10.00^a	10.00^a	19.79^d	19.79^d	22.6	22.67	22.7	23.08	18.78	12.98	Larger	Extended
MT	14.00^a	14.00^a	21.32^d	21.32^d	21.32	21.32	21.32	20.68	21.32	21.32	Larger	Extended
NH	3.00^a	3.00^a	22.02^d	22.02^d	6.20^e	6.20^f	6.20^f	6.20^f	6.20^f	5.32	Larger	Temporary
NM	11.00^a	11.00^a	20.80^d	20.80^d	20.80	20.80	20.80	20.80	20.80	20.80	Larger	Extended
NV	8.00^a	8.00^a	22.57^d	22.57^d	22.22	22.22	22.22	22.22	22.22	22.22	Larger	Extended
OK	12.90	12.90	20.00^d	20.00^d	20.05	19.83	19.86	20.36	17.2	12.62^g	Larger	Extended
SC	13.00^a	3.00^a	20.16^d	20.16^d	3.72	3.72	3.72	3.72	3.72	3.72	Larger	Temporary
TX	7.84	7.84	22.06^d	22.06^d	7.84	7.84	7.84	7.84	7.84	7.84	Larger	Temporary
VT	19.00	19.86	20.65	20.08	21.21	21.21	25.99	20.94	16.95	13.87	Smaller	NA
WY	10.00^a	10.00^a	21.72^d	21.72^d	9.67ⁱ	9.67ⁱ	9.67ⁱ	9.67	9.67	16.94	Larger	Temporary

↵Notes. ^areimbursement values obtained from the modal reimbursement value for CPT code 90460 and 90471 for each state from Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) Other Services File.
↵b imputed values from year 2017 Medicaid state reimbursement schedule.
↵c unless otherwise specified, reimbursements were obtained from Medicaid state reimbursement schedules.
↵d source was the CMS Final rule.¹⁹
↵e 2015 American Academy of Pediatrics Survey.
↵f imputed from year 2015 Medicaid state reimbursement schedule.
↵g imputed from year 2023 (data not shown) Medicaid state reimbursement schedule.
↵h imputed values from year 2012 Medicaid state reimbursement schedule.
i imputed values from year 2018 Medicaid state reimbursement schedule.
↵j A smaller reimbursement increase was defined as a change in 2012-2013 vaccine reimbursement < $5; larger reimbursement increase was defined as ≥ $5. In addition, we identified states with larger reimbursements are either temporary (if the higher reimbursements only lasted through 2014) or extended (if the higher reimbursements lasted beyond 2015).
Abbreviation: CPT, current procedural terminology.