Factors Related to Clinician Burnout: Adjusted Binary Logistic Regression Models for Physician and APC Subgroups in the Full Sample
| Physicians | APCs | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mini Z | Mini Z + Independent Variables | Mini Z | Mini Z + Independent Variables* | |
| Variables | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
| High satisfaction | 0.16 (0.09-0.29)*** | 0.16 (0.08-0.32)*** | 0.28 (0.14-0.56)*** | 0.46 (0.21-0.99)* |
| High stress | 7.11 (4.11-12.28)*** | 6.36 (3.60-11.24)*** | 6.63 (3.85-11.42)*** | 6.32 (3.63-11.02)*** |
| Values aligned | 0.64 (0.34-1.21) | 0.65 (0.33-1.26) | 0.44 (0.24-0.78)** | 0.48 (0.26-0.88)* |
| Lack of workload control | 2.68 (1.62-4.42)*** | 2.42 (1.43-4.09)** | 2.02 (1.18-3.46)* | 1.98 (1.14-3.45)* |
| EMR time pressure | 1.42 (0.81-2.49) | 1.53 (0.86-2.71) | 1.35 (0.77-2.34) | 1.30 (0.74-2.30) |
| High teamwork | 0.61 (0.26-1.43) | 0.66 (0.27-1.62) | 1.16 (0.57-2.39) | 1.18 (0.57-2.46) |
| Chaos in work atmosphere | 1.24 (0.76-2.01) | 1.12 (0.67-1.86) | 1.57 (0.96-2.56) | 1.54 (0.92-2.59) |
| High home EMR time | 1.17 (0.65-2.08) | 1.28 (0.71-2.33) | 1.37 (0.75-2.52) | 1.47 (0.79-2.74) |
| High intent to leave in 2 years | 2.36 (1.39-4.02)** | 2.38 (1.32-4.28)** | ||
| Negative work experiences: | ||||
| Gender | 1.94 (0.74-5.07) | 2.61 (0.62-10.96) | ||
| Race | 0.12 (0.02-0.74)* | |||
| Part-time† | 0.53 (0.26-1.08) | 0.53 (0.25-1.12) | ||
| Rural clinician | 0.62 (0.36-1.05) | 1.32 (0.79-2.21) | ||
| Gender‡ | ||||
| Female | 0.96 (0.59-1.58) | 0.94 (0.55-1.61) | 1.40 (0.71-2.78) | 1.42 (0.70-2.87) |
| Other§ | 0.86 (0.31-2.35) | 0.83 (0.28-2.42) | 1.02 (0.24-4.39) | 0.88 (0.18-4.28) |
| BIPOC/multiracial‖ | 0.57 (0.28-1.14) | 0.58 (0.27-1.22) | 1.10 (0.30-3.97) | 1.36 (0.37-5.02) |
| N | 517 | 516 | 446 | 444 |
| Likelihood Ratio χ2 (df) | 266.84 (11)*** | 286.23 (16)*** | 199.00 (11)*** | 212.30 (15)*** |
| Pearson’s χ2 Model Fit (df) | 241.88 (216) | 346.07 (337) | 162.06 (154) | 266.65 (262) |
| McKelvey & Zavoina’s pseudo R2 | 0.548 | 0.591 | 0.484 | 0.515 |
Note: Models adjusted for gender (male, female, or other/prefer not to answer) and race (white or BIPOC/multiple race/ethnicity). ***P < .001, **P < .01, *P <.05.
↵*Negative experiences at work due to race was omitted due to collinearity.
↵†Compared with full-time employment.
↵‡Compared with males.
↵§Includes other, prefer not to answer, binary, transgender.
‖Compared with white.
Abbreviations: APC, advanced practice clinician; BIPOC, black, Indigenous, and people of color; CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom; n/a, not applicable; OR, odds ratio; EMR, Electronic medical record.