Appendix Table A.

Breakdown of Specific Medications Within Each Category

CategoryData for Each Category
AcetaminophenAcetaminophen
AcetaminophenTylenol
AntidepressantsAmitriptyline
AntidepressantsBuproprion HCL
AntidepressantsCelexa
AntidepressantsCitalopram
AntidepressantsClomipramine
AntidepressantsDoxepin
AntidepressantsDuloxetine
AntidepressantsEscitalopram
AntidepressantsFluoxetin
AntidepressantsFluvoxamine
AntidepressantsMirtazapine
AntidepressantsNortriptyline
AntidepressantsOlanzapine
AntidepressantsParoxetine
AntidepressantsPerphenazine-amitriptyline
AntidepressantsProzac
AntidepressantsQuetiapine
AntidepressantsRemeron
AntidepressantsTrazodone
AntidepressantsVenlafaxine
AntidepressantsZoloft
Behavioral HealthConsult/Referral to Behavioral Health Program
Behavioral HealthConsult/Referral to Neuropsychology
Behavioral HealthConsult/Referral to Psychiatry
Behavioral HealthConsult/Referral to Psychology
Behavioral HealthConsult/Referral to Psychology Evaluation
BENZOSAlprazolam
BENZOSClonazepam
BENZOSDiazepam
BENZOSKlonopin
BENZOSlorazepam
BENZOSOxazepam
BENZOSTemazepam
BENZOSTriazolam
BENZOSValium
Chiropractic/Osteopathic ManipulationConsult/Referral to Chiropractic Therapy
Chiropractic/Osteopathic ManipulationConsult/Referral to Osteopathic Manipulative Therapy
Chiropractic/Osteopathic ManipulationOsteopathic Manipulative Tx 1 to 2 Body Regions
Chiropractic/Osteopathic ManipulationOsteopathic Manipulative Tx 3 to 4 Body Regions
Chiropractic/Osteopathic ManipulationOsteopathic Manipulative Tx 5 to 6 Body Regions
Chiropractic/Osteopathic ManipulationOsteopathic Manipulative Tx 7 to 8 Body Regions
Coaching/Wellness/LifestyleConsult/Referral for Wellness Education
Coaching/Wellness/LifestyleConsult/Referral to Prescription for Wellness Health Coach
Diagnostic Imaging - MR/CTCT Lumbar spine
Diagnostic Imaging - MR/CTCT Lumbar spine
Diagnostic Imaging - MR/CTMR Lumbar and Thoracic spine
Diagnostic Imaging - MR/CTMR Lumbar spine
Diagnostic Imaging - MR/CTMR Lumbo-sacral spine
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXray Lumbar Spine 2 or 3 views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXray Lumbar Spine Minimum 4 views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Lumbar Spine Minimum 4 views with Oblique
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXray Lumbar Spine with Flex and Ext.
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay pelvic complete minimum 3 views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Sacroiliac Joints (G)
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Sacroiliac Joints 1 or 2 Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Sacroiliac Joints 3+ Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Sacroiliac Joints less than 3 Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Sacroiliac Joints Minimum 3 Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Sacrum/Coccyx 2 Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Sacrum/Coccyx 2+ Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Sacrum/Coccyx Minimum 2 Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Spine Lumbar (G)
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Spine Lumbar 1 View
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Spine Lumbosacral 2 or 3 Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Spine Lumbosacral 4+ Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Spine Lumbosacral w/ Bending 6+ Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Spine Scoliosis Study (G)
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Spine Thoracolumbar 2 Views
Diagnostic Imaging - XRAYXRay Spine Thoracolumbar 2+ Views
Mind and Body TherapiesConsult/Referral for Acupuncture
Mind and Body TherapiesConsult/Referral for Musculoskeletal Health
Mind and Body TherapiesConsult/Referral Massage Therapy
Mind and Body TherapiesMassage Therapy
MUSCLE RELAXANTBaclofen
MUSCLE RELAXANTCarisoprodol
MUSCLE RELAXANTChlorzoxazone
MUSCLE RELAXANTCyclobenzaprine
MUSCLE RELAXANTFlexeril
MUSCLE RELAXANTMetaxalone
MUSCLE RELAXANTMethocarbamol
MUSCLE RELAXANTOrphenadrine
MUSCLE RELAXANTTizanidine
NeurologyConsult/Referral to Neurology
NSAIDSCelecoxib
NSAIDSDiclofenac
NSAIDSDiclofenac-epolamine
NSAIDSDiflunisal
NSAIDSEtodolac
NSAIDSFlurbiprofen
NSAIDSIbuprofen
NSAIDSIbuprofen-famotidine
NSAIDSIndomethacin
NSAIDSKetorolac
NSAIDSMeloxicam
NSAIDSMotrin
NSAIDSNabumetone
NSAIDSNaprosyn
NSAIDSNaproxen
NSAIDSOxaprozin
NSAIDSPiroxicam
NSAIDSSulindac
NSAIDSToradol
NSAIDS-topicalDiclofenac cream
NSAIDS-topicalVoltaren cream
OpioidsAcetaminophen-codeine
OpioidsButabital-acetaminophen-caffeine-codeine
OpioidsFentanyl
OpioidsHydrocodone
OpioidsHydrocodone-acetaminophen
OpioidsHydromorphone
OpioidsMethadone
OpioidsMorphine
OpioidsMorphone
OpioidsOxycodone
OpioidsOxycodone-acetaminophen
OpioidsOxymorphone
OpioidsTramadol
OpioidsTramadol HCL
OpioidsTramadol-acetaminophen
OpioidsVicodine
Pain ManagementConsult/Referral for Peti-Chronic Pain Treatment
Pain ManagementConsult/Referral to Pain Clinic
Pain ManagementConsult/Referral to Pain Management
Pain ManagementConsult/Referral to Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Pain ManagementConsult/Referral to Sports Medicine
Physical Therapy/RehabilitationConsult/Referral to Aqua Therapy
Physical Therapy/RehabilitationConsult/Referral to Flexibility Exercise
Physical Therapy/RehabilitationConsult/Referral to Physical Therapy
Physical Therapy/RehabilitationPhysical Therapy (PT) Evaluation and Treatment
Physical Therapy/RehabilitationPhysical Therapy (PT) Outpatient Evaluation and Treatment
Psychologically Informed Physical TherapyConsult/Referral to Psychologically Informed Physical Therapy (Stratified approach for LBP)
Social WorkConsult/Referral to Social Work
Social WorkConsult/Referral to Social Work/Case Management
Spine SurgeryConsult/Referral to Neurosurgery
Spine SurgeryConsult/Referral to Neurosurgery spine
Spine SurgeryConsult/Referral to Orthopedics
Spine SurgeryConsult/Referral to Orthopedics-spine
SteroidsDexamethasone
SteroidsDexamethasone - injection
SteroidsHydrocortisone
SteroidsMedrol
SteroidsMethylprednisolone
SteroidsMethylprednisolone acetate - injection
SteroidsMethylprednisolone sodium succinate - injection
SteroidsPrednisone
  • Abbreviations: NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; CT, computed tomography.