Appendix 1. Qualifying Conditions From Fortin et al. and Corresponding National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Categories

Chronic conditionNHANES
1.Hypertension (high blood pressure)BPQ020
2.Depression or anxietyDPQ010- DPQ090 PHQ9 score calulated
3.Chronic musculoskeletal conditions causing pain or limitationNo corresponding data
4.Arthritis and/or rheumatoid arthritisMCQ160a
5.OsteoporosisOSQ060
6.Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or chronic bronchitisMCQ010, MCQ0160o, MCQ0160k
7.Cardiovascular disease (angina, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, poor circulation in the lower limbs)MCQ160d, MCQ160e,
8.Heart failure (including valve problems or replacement)MCQ160b
9.Stroke and transient ischemic attackMCQ160f
10.Stomach problem (reflux, heartburn, or gastric ulcer)No corresponding data
11.Colon problem (irritable bowel, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, diverticulosis)No corresponding data
12.Chronic hepatitisHEQ010, HEQ030
13.DiabetesDIQ010
14.Thyroid disorderMCQ170m
15.Any cancer in the previous 5 years (including melanoma, but excluding other skin cancers)MCQ220
16.Kidney disease or failureKIQ022, KIQ025
17.Chronic urinary problemNo corresponding data
18.Dementia or Alzheimer’s diseaseMCQ084
19.Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol)BPQ080
20.Obesity (diagnosed through the calculation of the body mass index)BMXBMI