Table 4.

Summary Descriptions of the Main Themes From Interviews With Food Insecurity Screening Partnering Agencies

Theme/Summary Description
Screening process
Refers to the process of screening patients in primary care settings to identify those who are food insecure and refer them to food programs (eg, SNAP) and other food resources, such as food banks. Sub-themes include screening tools and perceived tool utility, data tracking, identification of referral resources, referral protocol, warm hand-off protocol, and follow-up.
Workforce
Refers to the profile of individuals who work for the participating agencies, such as status (full-time, part-time, or volunteer status), expertise, prior experience with food-insecure populations, type of training received under SNAP-Ed grant, and perceived training quality.
Barriers
Refers to perceived obstacles in the food insecurity screening process. Sub-themes include perceived population-level barriers (eg, literacy, fear of immigration raids), organization-level barriers (eg, competing goals within each clinic), and system-level barriers (eg, lack of formal arrangements with other county agencies).
Facilitators
Refers to factors that are perceived to make the screening processes easier, including collaborations and regional coalitions, local knowledge, community trust, and having food resources (eg, farmers’ markets) at clinic sites.
Impact
Refers to the perceived outcome of agency efforts in low-income communities. Subthemes include outcomes measurement and anecdotal evidence.
Sustainability
Refers to discussions of resources needed to ensure that current efforts are sustainable and scalable in the long-term.