Table 2.

Adjusted Odds of Opioid Epidemic Awareness Scores/Opioid Side effect and Risk Awareness Scores/Opioid and Pain-Control Belief Scores by Patient Characteristics (n = 107)

Patient CharacteristicsOpioid-Related Awareness and Beliefs
Opioid Epidemic Awareness Score: 4 or above OR (95% CI)Opioid Side effect Awareness Score: 6 or above OR (95% CI)Opioid and Pain-Control Belief Scores: 3 or above OR (95% CI)
Pain Catastrophizing Score
1 to 2 (ref)
≥ 3
0.26 (0.10–0.67)0.38 (0.15–0.96)2.40 (0.89–6.47)
Opioid Rx Expectation*
0 to 2 scenarios (ref)
≥ 3 scenarios
0.33 (0.12–0.88)0.86 (0.33–2.20)1.90 (0.78–6.08)
Education
Completed High School or lower (ref)
Completed College or higher
1.66 (0.70–3.93)1.39 (0.61–3.17)0.46 (0.20–1.06)
Age
18 to 39 (ref)
40 to 59
≥ 60

1.16 (0.41–3.26)
1.18 (0.39–3.58)

1.03 (0.39–2.75)
0.82 (0.29–2.34)

1.55 (0.56–4.22)
1.14 (0.39–3.31)
Gender
Men (ref)
Women
0.97 (0.39–2.42)2.14 (0.89–5.14)1.67 (0.66–4.13)
  • * Patients expecting opioid prescriptions out of 4 different acute pain scenarios.

  • Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.