Table 3.

Differences in Patient-Reported Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors and Motivation Measures Overall and Between Patients in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) and Non-FQHCs

Measure Statistic	All Patients (n = 616)	FQHC (n = 345)	non-FQHC (n = 271)	FQHC vs Non-FQHC Difference (p-value)
Health Care Climate Questionnaire (HCCQ)	1.7 (1.0 to 2.2)	1.7 (1.0 to 2.2)	1.8 (1.0 to 2.2)	0.26^*
Median score (IQR)				0.40^†
Perceived Competence Scale	4.3 (3.3 to 6.0)	4.0 (3.0 to 6.0)	4.5 (3.3 to 6.0)	0.48^*
Median score (IQR)				0.51^†
Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) - Median score (IQR)
Diet	3.2 (2.0 to 4.2)	3.2 (2.0 to 4.2)	3.3 (2.2 to 4.3)	0.81^*
				0.85^†
Exercise	2.5 (1.0 to 4.0)	2.5 (1.0 to 4.0)	3.0 (0.5 to 4.5)	0.52^*
				0.37^†
Glucose Monitoring	3.5 (0.5 to 7.0)	3.5 (1.0 to 7.0)	3.0 (0.0 to 7.0)	0.22^*
				0.23^†
Foot Care	3.5 (1.0 to 6.0)	3.5 (1.0 to 7.0)	3.0 (1.0 to 4.5)	0.02^*
				0.002^†
Medication Taking	7.0 (5.5 to 7.0)	7.0 (5.2 to 7.0)	7.0 (5.7 to 7.0)	0.32^*
				0.67^†
Current smoking - yes	57 (10.3%)	46 (14.3%)	11 (4.7%)	0.0002^‡
N (%)				n/a^§
Insulin Use - yes	182 (38.0%)	138 (48.9%)	44 (22.3%)	<0.0001^‡
N (%)				n/a^§
Current blood glucose medication - yes	389 (82.8%)	228 (82.0%)	161 (83.9%)	0.60^‡
N (%)				0.73^§

Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range, 25th-75th percentile.
Notes: For the HCCQ, lower numbers indicate more perceived autonomy support in the health care context. For the Perceived Competence Scale, higher numbers indicate greater confidence in one’s ability to manage diabetes (perceived competence). For the SDSCA, numbers represent average number of days per week following the recommended regimen.
↵*Wilcoxon Rank Sum.
↵^†Clustered linear model with testing FQHC/Non-FQHC flag regressed against value ranks.
↵^‡χ² test.
↵^§Rao-Scott Categorical test accounting for facility clustering.