Comparison of Variables in Children by Obesity Status and by Ethnicity Non-Hispanic Column for Ease of Understanding
| Children without Overweight/obesity1 | Children with Overweight/obesity2 | Non-Hispanic | Hispanic | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | n (%) | n (%) | P value3 | n (%) | n (%) | P value3 |
| Ethnicity (n = 37) | ||||||
| Hispanic | 5 (20%) | 6 (50%) | 0.0624 | |||
| Non-Hispanic | 20 (80%) | 6 (50%) | ||||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
| Daily step average (n = 34) | 10038 (2599) | 8038 (2685) | 0.051 | 9264 (2832) | 9964 (2566) | 0.520 |
| Calories/day (n = 36) | 1429 (387) | 1369 (492) | 0.980 | 1527 (401) | 1127 (319) | 0.0095 |
| Calories/cm height/day (n = 36) | 12.8 (3.54) | 12.8 (4.94) | 0.990 | 13.9 (3.96) | 10.24 (2.73) | 0.008 |
| Percent of expected calories consumed/ day controlled for age, and sex6 (n = 36) | 101 (27) | 95 (29) | 0.521 | 105 (27) | 83 (21) | 0.038 |
| Percent of expected calories consumed/ day controlled for age, sex and activity level7 (n = 36) | 106 (31) | 110 (36) | 0.750 | 113 (32) | 90 (28) | 0.065 |
| Non-home cooked meals/week (n = 36) | 2.02 (0.99) | 1.36 (1.10) | 0.079 | 1.96 (1.04) | 1.38 (1.07) | 0.146 |
| Mom’s Age at Child’s Birth (n = 35) | 28.52 (5.39) | 26.75 (3.17) | 0.304 | 28.7 (4.63) | 26.2 (4.83) | 0.149 |
| Parental estimate of screen time/day (n = 37) | 1.74 (0.78) | 1.50 (1.07) | 0.2705 | 1.62 (0.57) | 1.78 (1.39) | 0.8115 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation.
↵1 Age-adjusted BMI percentile < 85th percentile.
↵2 Age-adjusted BMI Percentile ≥ 85th percentile.
↵3 P value refers to t test statistic unless otherwise marked.
↵4 Fisher exact test.
↵5 Wilcoxon ranked sum used due to nonnormal distributions.
↵6 Based on US Department of Agriculture (USDA) recommendations controlling for age and sex: (Actual Intake – Expected Intake)/Expected Intake × 100.
↵7 Based on USDA recommendations controlling for age, sex, and activity level: (Actual Intake – Expected Intake)/Expected Intake × 100.