Facilitation Outcomes, Cardiovascular Disease Preventive Services Delivery Performance, and Practice Capacity Outcomes at Baseline and Post-Intervention, Overall, and by Level of Cooperatives’ Experience
| Level of Cooperatives’ Experience | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Low | Medium | High | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| Hours of Facilitation | 18.1 (18.4) | 6.2 (5.1) | 18.9 (17.0) | 26.5 (21.9) |
| Difference Between Groups | Reference | +12.7 | +20.3 | |
| Months of Facilitation | 7.2 (3.5) | 4.0 (2.1) | 8.2 (3.2) | 8.4 (3.3) |
| Difference Between Groups | Reference | +4.2 | +4.3 | |
| Aspirin (%) | ||||
| Baseline | 63.9 (24.2) | 67.5 (23.9) | 69.6 (19.2) | 48.7 (26.5) |
| Follow-up | 66.6 (22.8) | 69.4 (24.1) | 71.8 (17.2) | 53.5 (25.4) |
| Difference from baseline to follow-up | +2.7 (8.5) | +1.9 (6.7) | +2.2 (9.3) | +4.8 (8.5) |
| Blood pressure (%) | ||||
| Baseline | 64.7 (13.7) | 64.8 (15.6) | 66.1 (13.2) | 62.0 (12.1) |
| Follow-up | 66.5 (13.6) | 67.2 (14.6) | 67.5 (13.4) | 64.1 (12.4) |
| Difference from baseline to follow-up | +1.8 (6.5) | +2.4 (5.6) | +1.4 (6.8) | +2.1 (6.9) |
| Cholesterol (%) | ||||
| Baseline | 61.9 (19.3) | 65.7 (19.8) | 66.4 (13.0) | 48.3 (21.3) |
| Follow-up | 65.8 (17.7) | 68.2 (19.3) | 68.9 (12.5) | 56.8 (19.9) |
| Difference from baseline to follow-up | +3.9 (7.4) | +2.5 (6.2) | +2.5 (6.2) | +8.5 (8.8) |
| Smoking (%) | ||||
| Baseline | 60.0 (32.4) | 79.4 (21.2) | 61.2 (30.9) | 37.9 (30.8) |
| Follow-up | 65.6 (30.8) | 82.0 (20.5) | 66.6 (29.2) | 47.0 (32.3) |
| Difference from baseline to follow-up | +5.6 (11.3) | +2.6 (6.9) | +5.4 (11.8) | +9.1 (12.9) |
| Adaptive Reserve (AR) (score) | ||||
| Baseline | 0.703 (0.118) | 0.678 (0.118) | 0.710 (0.117) | 0.715 (0.117) |
| Follow-up | 0.721 (0.124) | 0.705 (0.129) | 0.734 (0.115) | 0.719 (0.128) |
| Difference from baseline to follow-up | +0.018 (0.117) | +0.027 (0.122) | +0.024 (0.112) | +0.004 (0.118) |
| CPCQ (score) | ||||
| Baseline | 8.8 (12.6) | 10.7 (12.1) | 7.9 (12.7) | 8.3 (12.7) |
| Follow-up | 14.9 (9.3) | 15.7 (10.2) | 14.0 (8.8) | 15.3 (9.1) |
| Difference from baseline to follow-up | +6.1 (13.8) | +5.0 (14.5) | +6.1 (13.4) | +7.0 (13.7) |
Notes: The table shows mean baseline and post-intervention levels, and standard deviations of ABCS, AR, and CPCQ as well as levels of hours and months of facilitation during the intervention for all practices in the sample as well as stratified by Cooperative level of experience. For clinical measures, preliminary data quality assessment revealed large increases or decreases for some practices. To eliminate the influence of such outliers, we excluded practices with outcome change below the 5th percentile or above the 95th percentile from all our analysis. For overall pre-post ABCS, AR, and CPCQ changes, bold denotes statistical significance at the 5% level.
Sources: EvidenceNOW EHR records.
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; CPCQ, Change Process Capacity Questionnaire; ABCS, Aspirin, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Smoking; EHR, electronic health record.