Table 2.

Logistic Regression Results: Association of Social Isolation with Memory Loss. Unadjusted and Adjusted for Covariates

	Memory Loss (vs. no Memory Loss)
Total Population (Unadjusted for Study Covariates)¹^,²	OR (Unadjusted)	95% CI		p-value
Social Isolation
Never/Rarely	Reference
Sometimes	*2.56*	*2.42*	*2.70*	*0.0076*
Often/Always	*5.50*	*5.06*	*5.99*	*<0.0001*

Total Population (Adjusted for Study Covariates)¹^,³^,⁴	Memory Loss (vs. no Memory Loss)
Total Population (Adjusted for Study Covariates)¹^,³^,⁴	OR (Adjusted)¹	95% CI		p-value
Social Isolation
Never/Rarely	Reference
Sometimes	*2.45*	*2.32*	*2.60*	*0.0298*
Often/Always	*5.20*	*4.75*	*5.68*	*<0.0001*

Abbreviations: ED, Emergency department; SD, Standard deviation; OR, Odds ratio; CI, Confidence interval.
↵1 Results based on 46,240 Medicare members (aged 65 years or older) of Kaiser Permanente Northwest (KPNW) who completed an index MTHA survey between March 1, 2013, and February 28, 2021, (8 years) and had KPNW insurance in the 12 months before survey completion. Significant results are displayed in bold, italicized font.
↵2 ROC (Area Under the Curve, unadjusted for study covariates) = 0.615.
↵3 Model adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, Area Deprivation Index (ADI), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), prior hospital admissions, ED visits, primary care visits and COVID-19 Era.
↵4 ROC (Area Under the Curve, adjusted for study covariates) = 0.696.