Means, Standard Deviations, Percent Endorsement, and p-values for 12 Items of the Group-Based Medical Mistrust Scale (GBMMS)
| Scale Items | Total Sample | English Sample | Spanish Sample | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | % Somewhat or Strongly agree | Mean (SD) | %Somewhat or Strongly agree | Mean (SD) | % Somewhat or Strongly agree | ||
| 1. Doctors and health care workers sometimes hide information from patients who belong to my ethnic group. | 2.67 (1.25) | 67 (25.4%) | 2.56 (1.23) | 29 (20.3%) | 2.80 (1.28) | 38 (31.4%) | 0.12 |
| 2. Doctors have the best interests of people of my ethnic group in mind.† | 3.73 (1.14) | 35 (13.3%)‡ | 3.60 (1.16) | 23 (16.1%)± | 3.89 (1.09) | 12 (9.9%)± | 0.04§ |
| 3. People of my ethnic group should not confide in doctors and health care workers because it will be used against them. | 2.16 (1.25) | 40 (15.2%) | 2.00 (1.12) | 13 (9.1%) | 2.34 (1.38) | 27 (22.3%) | 0.03§ |
| 4. People of my ethnic group should be suspicious of information from doctors and health care workers. | 2.16 (1.18) | 37 (14.0%) | 1.99 (1.02) | 11 (7.7%) | 2.36 (1.31) | 26 (21.5%) | 0.01§ |
| 5. People of my ethnic group cannot trust doctors and health care workers. | 2.06 (1.21) | 37 (14.0%) | 1.88 (1.02) | 10 (7.0%) | 2.26 (1.38) | 27 (22.3%) | 0.01§ |
| 6. People of my ethnic group should be suspicious of modern medicine. | 2.07 (1.18) | 37 (14.0%) | 1.94 (1.10) | 15 (10.5%) | 2.22 (1.26) | 22 (18.2%) | 0.06 |
| 7. Doctors and health care workers treat people of my ethnic group like ‘‘guinea pigs.’’ | 2.11 (1.23) | 40 (15.2%) | 2.06 (1.18) | 19 (13.3%) | 2.17 (1.28) | 21 (17.4%) | 0.47 |
| 8. People of my ethnic group receive the same medical care from doctors and health care workers as people from other groups.† | 3.37 (1.26) | 66 (25.0%)‡ | 3.42 (1.25) | 35 (24.5%)± | 3.31 (1.27) | 31 (25.6%)‡ | 0.50 |
| 9. Doctors and health care workers do not take the medical complaints of people of my ethnic group seriously. | 2.61 (1.31) | 69 (26.1%) | 2.56 (1.30) | 37 (25.9%) | 2.66 (1.33) | 32 (26.4%) | 0.53 |
| 10. People of my ethnic group are treated the same as people of other groups by doctors and health care workers.† | 3.40 (1.25) | 67 (25.4%)‡ | 3.29 (1.25) | 41 (28.7%)± | 3.52 (1.25) | 26 (21.5%)‡ | 0.14 |
| 11. In most hospitals, people of different ethnic groups receive the same kind of care.† | 3.45 (1.22) | 64 (24.2%)‡ | 3.40 (1.18) | 35 (24.5%)± | 3.51 (1.27) | 29 (24.0%)‡ | 0.45 |
| 12. I have personally been treated poorly or unfairly by doctors or health care workers because of my ethnicity. | 2.18 (1.32) | 50 (18.9%) | 2.20 (1.29) | 26 (18.2%) | 2.16 (1.37) | 24 (19.8%) | 0.78 |