Table 1.

Characteristics of Study Participants

Comparison GroupIntervention GroupP Value
n = 182% (n)n = 124% (n)
Age<0.001
    18 to 3454 (99)26 (33)
    35 to 4424 (44)39 (48)
    45 to 5416 (29)25 (31)
    55 to 646 (10)10 (12)
Sex0.384
    Male22 (40)18 (22)
    Female78 (142)82 (101)
Race/Ethnicity0.183
    Latino90 (164)94 (117)
    Non-Latino10 (18)6 (7)
Employment status0.179
    Full time17 (31)23 (28)
    Part time25 (45)27 (33)
    Unemployed55 (101)45 (56)
    Don't know or refused3 (5)6 (7)
Income as a percentage of federal poverty level0.065*
    <100%65 (110)70 (86)
    100 to 199%19 (33)24 (29)
    200 to 299%11 (18)3 (4)
    300 to 399%4 (6)1 (1)
    >399%1 (2)2 (2)
Level of education0.004
    8th grade or less25 (45)27 (34)
    Grades 9 to 1224 (44)43 (54)
    Completed high school16 (29)10 (12)
    Some college or beyond22 (40)14 (17)
    Don't know or refused13 (24)6 (7)
Primary language<0.001
    English32 (59)14 (17)
    Spanish68 (123)86 (107)
Self-rated health0.061
    Excellent/very good/good60 (110)50 (61)
    Fair/poor40 (72)50 (62)
Referral source to CHOI0.683
    Health system28 (50)30 (36)
    Community67 (120)64 (78)
  • Abbreviation: CHOI, Children's Health Outreach Initiative.

  • * Fisher's exact.

  • Health system referral sources included emergency room, hospital, clinic, health plan, or online insurance enrollment (such as Covered California); community referral sources included friend or family member, school, Women, Infants, and Children program, other community agencies, brochure or advertisement, Department of Public Social Services, or 211 (Los Angeles County information hotline).