Overarching Thematic Framework for the Establishment of Practice-Based Research Networks Focusing on the Theme of the Internal Environment Described in This Article
| Theme | Subtheme | Key Elements |
|---|---|---|
| (i) Internal environment of PBRN | (ii) Foundation | (i) Setting up mission, purposes, goals, objectives, and aims |
| (ii) Practitioner participation and motivation | (i) Recruitment | |
| (ii) Membership | ||
| (iii) Levels of member engagement | ||
| (iv) Intrinsic motivators to participate and benefits for practitioners | ||
| (v) Extrinsic motivators to participate and benefits for practitioners | ||
| (iii) Academic participation and attitudes | (i) Type of affiliation and advantages–disadvantages of affiliation | |
| (ii) The role of academics and academic departments in developing, hosting, and sustaining the network | ||
| (iii) Academic contribution to governance and leadership | ||
| (iv) Contribution of academic research expertise | ||
| (v) Academic support for research culture development and practitioner empowerment | ||
| (vi) Academic initiative to link medical students and residents to PBRN activity | ||
| (vii) Benefits for academia from PBRN collaboration | ||
| (iv) Network infrastructure and operations | (i) Initial partnerships to establish PBRNs and centers of operations | |
| (ii) Infrastructural funding | ||
| (iii) Key activities at establishment | ||
| (iv) Relationship building between academics and practitioners in the field | ||
| (v) Governance | ||
| (vi) Organizational leadership | ||
| (vii) Methodology of prioritizing the research agenda | ||
| (viii) Topics of PBRN research | ||
| (ix) Data gathered from networks and data management | ||
| (x) QI activities | ||
| (xi) Learning environment | ||
| (xii) Communication | ||
| (ii) Stakeholders at the intersection between the internal and external environment | (i) Patients and community stakeholders | (i) Patient-centeredness and community engagement in PBRNs |
| (ii) Relationship building with patient or community groups as an essential part of research | ||
| (iii) QI activities guided by patient feedback | ||
| (iv) Involving patients or community members in PBRN governance | ||
| (v) Integrating CBPR methodology into PBRN research | ||
| (vi) Community engaged research methodology in PBRN research | ||
| (vii) Motivation of community members for research participation | ||
| (viii) Community engagement in health policy making through PBRN activity | ||
| (ii) Other health care stakeholders | (i) Identification, engagement, and contribution of health care stakeholders | |
| (ii) Relationship building with health care stakeholders | ||
| (iii) Other aspects of working with health care stakeholders | ||
| (iii) External environment | (i) National health system | (i) The impact of primary health care structure on PBRN development |
| (ii) Institutional/governmental support, national/state policy and regulatory environment | (i) Decision-makers | |
| (ii) National policy | ||
| (iii) Regulatory environment | ||
| (iv) Interaction with policy-makers | ||
| (v) Community impact on public health policy-makers through PBRN | ||
| (iii) Professional organizations | (i) National professional organization contribution and support | |
| (ii) International professional organization contribution | ||
| (iii) External funders | (i) External funder contributions | |
| (iv) Leveraging previous research and PBRN experience and interacting with other networks | (i) International experience | |
| (ii) National experience | ||
| (iii) Leveraging previous research expertise | ||
| (iv) Leveraging PBRN practice models | ||
| (v) Leveraging experience from peer networks | ||
| (vi) Interacting with other networks | ||
| (vii) Developing networks of PBRNs | ||
| (v) HIT and HIT vendors | (i) HIT applications sustain the infrastructure | |
| (ii) HIT applications facilitating or supporting the PBRN operation | ||
| (iii) HIT vendors contribute to sustainability | ||
| (iv) HIT vendor in the partnership of the network | ||
| (v) Challenges from the variety of EHR systems |
EHR, electronic health record; HIT, health information technology; PBRN, practice-based research network; QI, quality improvement.