Intervention studiesRCT 25–27 (3) Quasi-experimental with comparison group28–32,43,44 (7) Quasi-experimental without comparison group 33–42,45–60 (26) Nonintervention studies | Primary careAdult25,28,35,52,69 (5) Pediatric26,27,32,34,39,40,43,44,53,56,58,70,72–74,76 (16) Mixed/unknown33,42,51,54,60,61,65,68,71,77 (10) InpatientAdult41,48 (2) Pediatric29,33,50 (3) Emergency department49,63,67 (3) Medical school31,36,37,47 (4) Multiple settings/other30,38,45,46,55,59,62,64,66,75 (10) | Multiple SDoH26–33,36–40,43,44,46,51,54,56,59–63,65–68,73–77 (33) Food insecurity34,45,52,53,58,69,70,72 (8) Health literacy25,41,42,47,48,57,71 (7) Housing35,49 (2) Legal services50,55 (2) Other64 (1)
| Physicians25,28,33–35,39,45,50–54,56,58–70,72,75–77 (30) Resident physicians25–27,29,30,32,39–46,51,55,58,63,66,73,74 (21) Nurses48–50,53,55,57,60,67,75 (9) Nurse practitioners35,39,52,53,69–71 (7) Social workers49,50,52,75 (4) Community health workers/certified recovery specialists33,37 (2) Medical students31,36–38,45,47 (6) Pharmacists75 (1) Clinic staff/other allied health professionals33,34,42,55,59,60,63,67,69 (9)
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