Table 1.

Personal and Practice Characteristics of Family Physicians With and Without Addiction Medicine Board Certification From 2017–2019 ABFM Continuing Certification Examination Registration Questionnaire and 2016–2019 National Graduate Survey

CharacteristicsNational Graduate Survey 2016–2019Continuing Certification 2017–2019
ADM CertifiedNot ADM CertifiedP value*ADM CertifiedNot ADM CertifiedP value*
n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)
Total478,81613924,991
Age, y
    Under 4040 (85.1)7,712 (87.5).14411 (7.9)2,255 (9.0).295
    40–494 (8.5)939 (10.7)57 (41.0)9,338 (37.4)
    50–593 (6.4)147 (1.7)50 (36.0)8,084 (32.3)
    60 and over0 (0.0)18 (0.2)21 (15.1)5,313 (21.3)
Sex
    Male23 (48.9)3,880 (44.0).49881 (58.3)14,288 (57.2).794
    Female24 (51.1)4,936 (56.0)58 (41.7)10,702 (42.8)
IMG
    Yes8 (17.0)2,960 (33.6).01626 (18.7)5,588 (22.4).299
    No39 (83.0)5,856 (66.4)113 (81.3)19,378 (77.6)
Race
    Asian--14 (10.1)3,744 (15.0).221
    Black or African American--5 (3.6)1,459 (5.8)
    White----110 (79.1)17,985 (72.0)
    Other----10 (7.2)1,803 (7.2)
Ethnicity
    Hispanic or Latino----11 (7.9)1,692 (6.8).593
    Not Hispanic or Latino----128 (92.1)23,299 (93.2)
Faculty at medical school or residency§
    Yes, core/salaried10 (24.4)812 (12.1).00414 (10.1)2,312 (9.3).106
    Yes, volunteer/clinical13 (31.7)1,354 (20.1)38 (27.3)5,106 (20.4)
    No18 (43.9)4,563 (67.8)87 (62.6)17,572 (70.3)
Principal practice size
    Solo practice1 (2.2)263 (3.6).43929 (22.7)2,544 (11.9)<.001
    2–5 providers18 (40.0)2,622 (35.6)46 (35.9)7,146 (33.5)
    6–20 providers20 (44.4)2,795 (38.0)33 (25.8)6,541 (30.7)
    >20 providers6 (13.3)1,675 (22.8)20 (15.6)5,097 (23.9)
Principal practice site
    Hospital/health system owned medical practice9 (20.0)2,856 (38.8).00321 (16.4)7,219 (33.8)<.001
    Independently owned7 (15.6)1,082 (14.7)56 (43.8)6,813 (31.9)
    Managed care/HMO2 (4.4)532 (7.2)7 (5.5)1,245 (5.8)
    Academic health center/faculty practice8 (17.8)813 (11.0)6 (4.7)1,558 (7.3)
    FQHC or look-alike13 (28.9)858 (11.7)11 (8.6)1,256 (5.9)
    Other6 (13.3)1,223 (16.6)27 (21.1)3,238 (15.2)
Specialty mix of principal practice
    Family medicine only16 (35.6)3,213 (43.7).03034 (38.2)10,193 (51.5)<.001
    Primary care specialty mix11 (24.4)2,430 (33.0)20 (22.5)5,310 (26.8)
    Multiple specialties18 (40.0)1,713 (23.3)35 (39.3)4,292 (21.7)
Rurality
    Urban44 (95.7)7,178 (84.6).038122 (87.8)20,924 (84.5).289
    Rural2 (4.3)1,310 (15.4)17 (12.2)3,836 (15.5)
  • Abbreviations: ABFM, American Board of Family Medicine; ADM, addiction medicine; HMO, health maintenance organization; FQHC, federally qualified health center, IMG, International Medical Graduate.

  • * Unless otherwise noted, χ2 test was to calculate the P value.

  • Fisher exact test was used to calculate this P value.

  • Race and ethnicity data were not available for National Graduate Survey respondents.

  • 2016 National Graduate Survey responses were excluded because the question about faculty differed

  • from the 2017-2019 National Graduate Survey.