Personal and Practice Characteristics of Family Physicians With and Without Addiction Medicine Board Certification From 2017–2019 ABFM Continuing Certification Examination Registration Questionnaire and 2016–2019 National Graduate Survey
| Characteristics | National Graduate Survey 2016–2019 | Continuing Certification 2017–2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADM Certified | Not ADM Certified | P value* | ADM Certified | Not ADM Certified | P value* | |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Total | 47 | 8,816 | 139 | 24,991 | ||
| Age, y | ||||||
| Under 40 | 40 (85.1) | 7,712 (87.5) | .144† | 11 (7.9) | 2,255 (9.0) | .295 |
| 40–49 | 4 (8.5) | 939 (10.7) | 57 (41.0) | 9,338 (37.4) | ||
| 50–59 | 3 (6.4) | 147 (1.7) | 50 (36.0) | 8,084 (32.3) | ||
| 60 and over | 0 (0.0) | 18 (0.2) | 21 (15.1) | 5,313 (21.3) | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 23 (48.9) | 3,880 (44.0) | .498 | 81 (58.3) | 14,288 (57.2) | .794 |
| Female | 24 (51.1) | 4,936 (56.0) | 58 (41.7) | 10,702 (42.8) | ||
| IMG | ||||||
| Yes | 8 (17.0) | 2,960 (33.6) | .016 | 26 (18.7) | 5,588 (22.4) | .299 |
| No | 39 (83.0) | 5,856 (66.4) | 113 (81.3) | 19,378 (77.6) | ||
| Race†‡ | ||||||
| Asian | -- | 14 (10.1) | 3,744 (15.0) | .221 | ||
| Black or African American | -- | 5 (3.6) | 1,459 (5.8) | |||
| White | -- | -- | 110 (79.1) | 17,985 (72.0) | ||
| Other | -- | -- | 10 (7.2) | 1,803 (7.2) | ||
| Ethnicity‡ | ||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | -- | -- | 11 (7.9) | 1,692 (6.8) | .593 | |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | -- | -- | 128 (92.1) | 23,299 (93.2) | ||
| Faculty at medical school or residency§ | ||||||
| Yes, core/salaried | 10 (24.4) | 812 (12.1) | .004 | 14 (10.1) | 2,312 (9.3) | .106 |
| Yes, volunteer/clinical | 13 (31.7) | 1,354 (20.1) | 38 (27.3) | 5,106 (20.4) | ||
| No | 18 (43.9) | 4,563 (67.8) | 87 (62.6) | 17,572 (70.3) | ||
| Principal practice size | ||||||
| Solo practice | 1 (2.2) | 263 (3.6) | .439 | 29 (22.7) | 2,544 (11.9) | <.001 |
| 2–5 providers | 18 (40.0) | 2,622 (35.6) | 46 (35.9) | 7,146 (33.5) | ||
| 6–20 providers | 20 (44.4) | 2,795 (38.0) | 33 (25.8) | 6,541 (30.7) | ||
| >20 providers | 6 (13.3) | 1,675 (22.8) | 20 (15.6) | 5,097 (23.9) | ||
| Principal practice site | ||||||
| Hospital/health system owned medical practice | 9 (20.0) | 2,856 (38.8) | .003 | 21 (16.4) | 7,219 (33.8) | <.001 |
| Independently owned | 7 (15.6) | 1,082 (14.7) | 56 (43.8) | 6,813 (31.9) | ||
| Managed care/HMO | 2 (4.4) | 532 (7.2) | 7 (5.5) | 1,245 (5.8) | ||
| Academic health center/faculty practice | 8 (17.8) | 813 (11.0) | 6 (4.7) | 1,558 (7.3) | ||
| FQHC or look-alike | 13 (28.9) | 858 (11.7) | 11 (8.6) | 1,256 (5.9) | ||
| Other | 6 (13.3) | 1,223 (16.6) | 27 (21.1) | 3,238 (15.2) | ||
| Specialty mix of principal practice | ||||||
| Family medicine only | 16 (35.6) | 3,213 (43.7) | .030 | 34 (38.2) | 10,193 (51.5) | <.001 |
| Primary care specialty mix | 11 (24.4) | 2,430 (33.0) | 20 (22.5) | 5,310 (26.8) | ||
| Multiple specialties | 18 (40.0) | 1,713 (23.3) | 35 (39.3) | 4,292 (21.7) | ||
| Rurality | ||||||
| Urban | 44 (95.7) | 7,178 (84.6) | .038 | 122 (87.8) | 20,924 (84.5) | .289 |
| Rural | 2 (4.3) | 1,310 (15.4) | 17 (12.2) | 3,836 (15.5) | ||
Abbreviations: ABFM, American Board of Family Medicine; ADM, addiction medicine; HMO, health maintenance organization; FQHC, federally qualified health center, IMG, International Medical Graduate.
↵* Unless otherwise noted, χ2 test was to calculate the P value.
↵† Fisher exact test was used to calculate this P value.
↵‡ Race and ethnicity data were not available for National Graduate Survey respondents.
2016 National Graduate Survey responses were excluded because the question about faculty differed
from the 2017-2019 National Graduate Survey.