Predictors of Wait Times for Primary Care Appointments for Medicaid Simulated Patients, by Medicaid Concentration
| Bottom 25% (Low) Medicaid Beneficiary Concentration in County | Top 25% (High) Medicaid Beneficiary Concentration in County | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef. (95% CI) | P Value | Coef. (95% CI) | P > |t| | |
| Hypertension | −3.77 (−6.13, 1.42) | 0.002 | −1.98 (−3.61, −0.35) | 0.018 |
| FQHC flag | 4.38 (0.22, 8.54) | 0.039 | 5.46 (1.58, 9.35) | 0.006 |
| ACO indicator | −0.27 (−3.11, 2.58) | 0.852 | 1.74 (−0.44, 3.91) | 0.117 |
| IHS indicator | 7.66 (4.48, 10.84) | <0.001 | 3.86 (1.43, 6.28) | 0.002 |
| HHI index | −2.49 (−8.86, 3.89) | 0.442 | 2.66 (−3.64, 8.96) | 0.406 |
| Per capita income (in 1000s) | 0.052 (−0.31, 0.14) | 0.218 | −0.64 (−0.87, −0.42) | <0.001 |
| PCPs per 10,000 | −5.41 (−10.46, −0.36) | 0.036 | 0.22 (−5.63, 6.07) | 0.941 |
| ACPs per 10,000 | 1.94 (−0.166, 5.54) | 0.289 | 1.01 (−2.20, 4.23) | 0.535 |
| FQHCs per 1000 | 0.01 (−3.46, 3.47) | 0.996 | −3.11 (−6.33, −0.12) | 0.059 |
| Percent urban | 4.81 (−1.21, 10.84) | 0.117 | 9.04 (2.87, 15.21) | 0.004 |
| Quarter 2 | 3.08 (−3.60, 9.76) | 0.363 | −3.00 (−6.02, 0.019) | 0.051 |
| Quarter 3 | 11.88 (1.09, 22.66) | 0.031 | −2.42 (−9.43, 4.60) | 0.497 |
| Quarter 4 | 1.69 (−1.71, 5.09) | 0.326 | 0.52 (−1.60, 2.64) | 0.628 |
| 2014 | −1.77 (−8.79, 5.26) | 0.620 | 3.58 (0.22, 6.95) | 0.037 |
| 2016 | 1.77 (−1.01, 4.55) | 0.210 | 1.06 (−1.24, 3.36) | 0.373 |
| Intercept | 3.08 (−4.94, 11.09) | 0.449 | 23.64 (15.80, 31.48) | <0.001 |
| Number of calls | 1217 | 1700 | ||
This table includes summary statistics of three waves of experimental data from a multiyear simulated patient study (2012, 2014, 2016), as separated by county-level Medicaid concentration data. Only Medicaid callers were included. The linear regressions include county-clustered standard errors and state fixed effects.
All P values are within groups (ie, they do not represent difference-in-difference significance between low and high concentration counties) and are derived from two separate regressions.
ACO, accountable care organization; ACPs, advanced care practitioners; CI, confidence interval; FQHC, Federally Qualified Health Center; HHI, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index; IHS, integrated health system; PCPs, primary care providers (MDs and DOs).