Bivariate Associations with Spending Less on Basic Needs to Pay for Medication (St. Louis, MO; 2016-2018), n = 270
| Variable | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender: male | 1.00 | referent | |
| Female | 1.63 | (1.00, 2.69) | 0.05 |
| Age | 1.01 | (0.98, 1.03) | 0.57 |
| Race/ethnicity: non-Hispanic Black | 1.00 | referent | |
| Non-Hispanic White/other | 1.37 | (0.74, 2.56) | 0.32 |
| Education level: no high school (HS) diploma | 1.00 | referent | |
| High school graduate or GED | 1.96 | (1.01, 3.88) | 0.05 |
| Some college/technical school (with HSdiploma) | 1.74 | (0.85, 3.63) | 0.13 |
| College graduate or greater | 1.69 | (0.76, 3.80) | 0.20 |
| Employment status: employed; out of work < 1 year; homemaker | 1.00 | referent | |
| Out of work > 1 year; unable to work; disabled; retired | 0.97 | (0.59, 1.59) | 0.89 |
| Monthly income: < $400/mo | 1.00 | referent | |
| $400-$799/mo | 0.62 | (0.30, 1.31) | 0.21 |
| $800-$1199/mo | 1.38 | (0.64, 3.02) | 0.41 |
| > $1200/mo | 1.07 | (0.52, 2.19) | 0.86 |
| Number of dependents: 0 | 1.00 | referent | |
| 1 | 0.79 | (0.39, 1.60) | 0.52 |
| 2+ | 0.92 | (0.49, 1.74) | 0.81 |
| Health insurance status: private; Medicare; dual | 1.00 | referent | |
| Medicaid; local coverage program; veteran'shealth benefits | 0.96 | (0.57, 1.61) | 0.87 |
| Uninsured | 1.69 | (0.80, 3.64) | 0.18 |
| Prescription drug coverage: full year | 1.00 | referent | |
| Less than full year | 1.78 | (1.06, 2.98) | 0.03 |
| Self-reported overall health: excellent/good | 1.00 | referent | |
| Fair/poor | 2.29 | (1.36, 3.91) | <0.01 |
| Number of chronic conditions | 1.27 | (1.15, 1.43) | <0.01 |
| Number of medications | 1.13 | (1.06, 1.21) | <0.01 |
| Monthly medication expenditure (hundreds of dollars) | 1.66 | (1.29, 2.24) | <0.01 |
| Medication adherence | 0.25 | (0.14, 0.43) | <0.01 |
| Unmet basic needs over the past 12 months | 1.31 | (1.11, 1.54) | <0.01 |
| Unmet basic needs at present | 0.82 | (0.64, 1.05) | 0.12 |
| Receiving/eligible for food stamps | 0.89 | (0.54, 1.46) | 0.64 |
| Visited food pantry in past 30 days | 1.13 | (0.70, 1.84) | 0.62 |
| Characterization of food at home: enough quantity, good quality | 1.00 | referent | |
| Enough food, but lacking in quality | 4.40 | (2.37, 8.44) | <0.01 |
| Sometimes/often not enough to eat | 4.35 | (2.21, 8.82) | <0.01 |
| Number of moves in past 3 months: 0 | 1.00 | referent | |
| 1+ | 0.94 | (0.49, 1.78) | 0.85 |
| Transitional housing, shelter, or homeless | 1.11 | (0.57, 2.15) | 0.77 |
| No bank account (savings or checking) | 0.89 | (0.55, 1.44) | 0.64 |
| Not enough money to make ends meet | 2.72 | (1.67, 4.48) | <0.01 |
| Difficulty paying bills | 1.51 | (1.24, 1.85) | <0.01 |
| Financial problems | 1.48 | (1.24, 1.79) | <0.01 |
| Worry about making monthly living expenses (at least sometimes vs rarely or never) | 4.16 | (2.10, 8.90) | <0.01 |
| Unable to sleep well or other physical effects of financial worry (at least sometimes vs rarely or never) | 3.93 | (2.30, 6.88) | <0.01 |
| Financial problems interfere with or limit relationships (at least sometimes vs rarely or never) | 2.67 | (1.60, 4.50) | <0.01 |