Association Between Individual Clinical Variables and the Outcome of Mortality
| Clinical Predictors | Discharged Alive | Deceased | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Categorical variable (n [%]) | 1253 | 189 | |
| Female sex | 615 (49.1) | 84 (44.4) | 0.267 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 180 (14.4) | 44 (23.3) | 0.002 |
| Asthma | 139 (11.1) | 23 (12.2) | 0.754 |
| Diabetes | 421 (33.6) | 91 (48.1) | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 217 (17.3) | 56 (29.6) | <0.001 |
| Temperature ≥ 39°C | 69 (5.8) | 11 (6.0) | 1 |
| Temperature ≥ 38°C | 203 (17.0) | 34 (18.6) | 0.684 |
| Age (years) | <0.01 | ||
| <50 | 396 (32.3) | 9 (5) | |
| 50 to 65 | 415 (33.8) | 42 (23.2) | |
| 66 to 79 | 270 (22) | 79 (43.7) | |
| >80 | 146 (11.9) | 51 (28.1) | |
| Body mass index >=40 kg/m2 | 147 (14.0) | 27 (15.9) | 0.604 |
| Body mass index >=30 kg/m2 | 513 (49.0) | 69 (40.6) | 0.051 |
| Oxygen saturation < 93% | 82 (7.0) | 36 (19.3) | <0.001 |
| Respiratory rate ≥ 25 breaths/minute | 215 (17.9) | 67 (35.6) | <0.001 |
| Respiratory rate ≥ 30 breaths/minute | 96 (8.0) | 40 (21.3) | <0.001 |
| C-reactive protein | |||
| > 10 mg/dL | 228 (33.0) | 77 (67.5) | <0.001 |
| > 15 mg/dL | 119 (17.2) | 46 (40.4) | <0.001 |
| > 20 mg/dL | 42 (6.1) | 15 (13.2) | 0.011 |
| > 40 mg/dL | 2 (0.3) | 2 (1.8) | 0.18 |
| White blood cell count > 10 × 109/mL | 172 (14.9) | 60 (33.0) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocytes < 0.8 × 109/mL | 271 (26.0) | 68 (40.5) | <0.001 |
| Neutrophils > 8 × 109/mL | 145 (13.9) | 49 (29.2) | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine >= 2.0 mg/dL | 114 (9.9) | 66 (36.1) | <0.001 |
| Continuous variables (median [interquartile range]) | |||
| Age in years | 59 [44.5, 71] | 72.5 [64.8, 80] | <0.001 |
| Temperature °C | 37.2 [36.8, 37.8] | 37.2 [36.8, 37.8] | 0.831 |
| Oxygen saturation | 97% [95%, 98%] | 95% [93%, 97%] | <0.001 |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/minute) | 20 [18, 23] | 20 [18, 27] | <0.001 |
| White blood cell count (× 109/mL) | 6.1 [4.6, 8.1] | 7.5 [5.5, 11.8] | <0.001 |
| Lymphocytes (× 109/mL) | 1.1 [0.8, 1.5] | 0.8 [0.6, 1.3] | <0.001 |
| Neutrophils (× 109/mL) | 4.4 [3, 6.2] | 5.9 [4, 8.7] | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.8 [25.3, 35.8] | 28.5 [24.6, 35.8] | 0.254 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 [0.8, 1.3] | 1.5 [1.1, 2.7] | <0.001 |
| C-reactive protein (mg//dL) | 6.2 [2.4, 12.3] | 13 [9, 17.3] | <0.001 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 313 [241, 409] | 441 [349, 590] | <0.001 |