Table 1.

Baseline Sample Characteristics, Heart of Virginia Healthcare, 2016-2017 (n = 195)

OutcomeMean (SD)
Engagement, mean (SD)
 1) Responsiveness to external support2.22 (0.8)
 2) Overall practice response at coach visit2.71 (0.6)
 3) Overall team assessment for the HVH activity1.76 (1.1)
 4) Assessment of site leadership2.76 (1.1)
 5) Team engagement1.32 (0.1)
 6) Clinician engagement2.22 (0.7)
 7) Staff engagement2.40 (0.7)
Key independent variable
Readiness, mean (SD)3.83 (0.3)
Practice characteristics%
Practice ownership, mean %
 Independent32
 Hospital owned56
 Federally qualified health center12
Practice size, number of clinicians, mean %
 2 to 5 clinicians69
 6 to 10 clinicians17
 11 and above clinicians14
Practice specialty mix, mean %
 Single specialty practice72
 Multispecialty practice28
 Medically underserved area, mean %64
 Recognized as a patient-centered medical home, mean %52
 Part of an accountable care organization, mean %62
 Participation in Million Hearts Initiative, mean %8
 Percentage of patients aged 60 years and above, mean %27
  • Notes: Mean (SD). Summary statistics display the number of observations at baseline (near the HVH started) across the 7 engagement items. Assessed on an ordered scale from 1 to 3, in which high scores indicate higher levels of engagement (recoded as: 3 =  “high”, 2 =  “moderate”, and 1 =  “low”). Sample varies due to the “N/A” or “unknown” data removal. Practice characteristics (n = 195). Clinicians include physicians (MD, DO), nurse practitioners, and physician assistants.