Variable | Retained N = 82 n [%] | Dropped N = 156 n [%] | χ2 ort | P | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD) | 37.4 | (11.5) | 34.4 | (10.6) | −1.98 | .049 |
Female | 40 | [49] | 58 | [37] | 2.99 | .08 |
Marital status | .66 | |||||
Single, never married | 63 | [78] | 125 | [81] | ||
Married | 14 | [17] | 24 | [16] | ||
Divorced, separated, or widowed | 4 | [5] | 5 | [3] | ||
Race | 5.60 | .06 | ||||
Black | 9 | [11] | 37 | [24] | ||
White | 64 | [78] | 104 | [67] | ||
Other | 9 | [11] | 15 | [10] | ||
Insurance coverage | <.001 | |||||
Medicaid | 51 | [62] | 88 | [56] | ||
Other insurance | 31 | [38] | 49 | [32] | ||
Self-pay/uninsured | 0 | [0] | 19 | [12] | ||
Comorbid conditions | ||||||
ADHD | 11 | [13] | 16 | [10] | 0.55 | .47 |
Anxiety | 42 | [51] | 59 | [38] | 3.95 | .047 |
Bipolar | 6 | [7] | 8 | [5] | 0.47 | .50 |
Chronic pain | 17 | [21] | 17 | [11] | 4.25 | .039 |
Depression | 31 | [38] | 51 | [33] | 0.62 | .43 |
Personality disorder | 5 | [6] | 5 | [3] | 1.12 | .29 |
Psychosis | 3 | [4] | 3 | [2] | .42 | |
PTSD | 6 | [7] | 13 | [8] | 0.08 | .78 |
Medications | ||||||
ADHD/Stimulants | 8 | [10] | 10 | [6] | 0.86 | .35 |
Antipsychotics | 12 | [15] | 23 | [15] | 0.00 | .98 |
Benzodiazepines | 2 | [2] | 4 | [3] | 1.00 | |
Mood stabilizers | 6 | [7] | 9 | [6] | 0.21 | .64 |
SSRI/SNRI | 28 | [34] | 64 | [41] | 1.07 | .30 |
Other antidepressants | 17 | [21] | 24 | [15] | 1.08 | .30 |
Smoking status (n = 237) | 11.40 | .003 | ||||
Current smoker | 50 | [60] | 125 | [81] | ||
Former smoker | 16 | [20] | 14 | [9] | ||
Never smoker | 16 | [20] | 15 | [10] | ||
Continuity of care, mean (SD) | 0.70 | (0.12) | 0.61 | (0.24) | −3.87 | <.001 |
Seen by behavioral health | 23 | [28] | 24 | [15] | 5.44 | .019 |
Buprenorphine status at first visit | 2.16 | .34 | ||||
New induction | 17 | [21] | 38 | [24] | ||
Restart | 11 | [13] | 30 | [19] | ||
Continuation | 54 | [66] | 88 | [57] |
ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; SNRI, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SD, standard deviation.
Independent samples t-test were used to examine differences in continuous variables (signified by mean, SD) by retention status; χ2 tests were used to examine differences in categorical variables by retention status. The retained category includes 6 patients who died during the study observation period and are censored in the survival analysis. For variables with cells < 5, a Fisher’s exact test was used to calculate the P-value (marital status, insurance type, benzodiazepine prescription, and psychosis). For tables larger than 2 × 2, SAS uses a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the P-value in Fisher’s exact tests.