Associations between Primary Care Physician Characteristics and Potentially Inappropriate Medication Prescription Rate*
| Coefficient | SE | |
|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.016† | (0.002) |
| Female | −0.708† | (0.051) |
| DO degree | 0.141† | (0.037) |
| Medical school cohort | ||
| Pre to 1980 graduate | Reference Category | |
| 1980 to 1989 graduate | −0.136† | (0.037) |
| 1990 to 1999 graduate | −0.050 | (0.046) |
| 2000 to 2009 graduate | 0.075 | (0.066) |
| 2010 to present graduate | 0.335 | (0.173) |
| Primary care specialty | ||
| Family medicine | Reference Category | |
| Internal medicine | 0.253† | (0.033) |
| General practice | 0.740† | (0.111) |
| Geriatric medicine | −0.082 | (0.122) |
| Practice region | ||
| Northeast | Reference Category | |
| Midwest | 0.107 | (0.275) |
| South | 0.875‡ | (0.313) |
| West | 0.305 | (0.759) |
| Practice size | ||
| Quartile 1 (1–5) | Reference Category | |
| Quartile 2 (6–65) | −0.350† | (0.040) |
| Quartile 3 (66–300) | −0.368† | (0.044) |
| Quartile 4 (300+) | −0.384† | (0.051) |
| Patient panel size (age 65+) | ||
| <50 | Reference Category | |
| 50–199 | −2.808† | (0.228) |
| 200–499 | −3.690† | (0.241) |
| ≥500 | −3.714† | (0.247) |
The model was adjusted for patient panel characteristics, year, and hospital referral region fixed effects. Patient panel characteristics included average age of the panel, proportion of female, proportion of Medicare patients who were under 65 years of age, average CMS-Hierarchial Condition Categories risk score of the panel, and whether the panel had higher than sample average proportion of White and dual-eligible patients.
↵* Data obtained from 2013 to 2015 Medicare Part D Public Use File and 2015 American Medical Association Masterfile.
↵† P < .001.
↵‡ P < .05.