Table 2.

Description of Psycho-Educational Group for Rural Chronic Non-Cancer Pain Patients

Description of Psycho-Educational Group
DevelopmentDeveloped by clinic providers in consultation with pain psychologist
Time frameOne 90-minute session per week for 8 weeks
Staffingfamily physician assistant and registered nurse
Group size6–12 patients
FormatWelcome; patient self report on application of last week's topic; didactic presentation; gentle stretching, relaxation techniques and mindfulness practice; questions and weekly assignment
TopicsTypes of pain; Risks of opioids and mitigation strategies including naloxone; bio-psycho-social-spiritual basis of pain; Realities of chronic pain and pain management; pain pyramid; role of inflammation, anti-inflammatory diet and smoking cessation; maximizing non-medication pain treatments; maximizing non-opioid pain medications; treatment of depression, anxiety and insomnia; Importance of physical activity; role of spirituality