Table 1.

Characteristics of the Cohort Stratified by Unhealthy Drinking Status

Demographic InformationReference GroupP Value*
Unhealthy Drinkers (n = 11,464), % or MedianLow-Risk Drinkers (n = 32,081), % or Median
Sex, male†67%42%<0.001
Smoking, current†36%15%<0.001
Age, years†3853<0.001
Clinical Information
    Height, cm171.2165.4<0.001
    Weight, kg8077.3<0.001
    Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg†120122<0.001
    Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg7270<0.001
    Resting pulse rate, 60-second count72720.13
Chemistry
    Calcium, mg/dL9.49.4<0.001
    Chloride, mmol/L104104<0.001
    Phosphorus, mg/dL3.73.7<0.001
    Potassium, mmol/L440.006
    Sodium, mmol/L139139<0.001
    Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L†4.34.6<0.001
    Creatinine, mg/dL†0.860.82<0.001
    Bicarbonate, mmol/L2525<0.001
    Glucose, mg/dL9093<0.001
    Uric acid, mg/dL†5.65.2<0.001
    Serum osmolality, mOsm/kg277278<0.001
Liver function
    Bilirubin, mg/dL0.70.6<0.001
    Alanine aminotransferase, U/L2320<0.001
    Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L2423<0.001
    Alkaline phosphatase, U/L6568<0.001
    Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, U/L†2319<0.001
    Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L†124130<0.001
    Protein, g/dL7.27.2<0.001
    Albumin, g/L†4442<0.001
Hematology
    Hemoglobin, g/dL†14.813.9<0.001
    Hematocrit, %†43.441.2<0.001
    Mean corpuscular volume, fL†90.589.8<0.001
    Mean cellular hemoglobin, pg†30.930.5<0.001
    Red blood cell distribution width, %12.612.9<0.001
    White blood cell count, 1000/µL7.16.9<0.001
    Platelet count, 1000/µL8.18.1<0.001
Lipids
    Total cholesterol, mg/dL1941930.25
    High density lipoprotein, mg/dL†5150<0.001
    Calculated low density lipoprotein, mg/dL110111.40.002
    Triglyceride, mg/dL1181210.18

  • ↵* P value determined by χ2 or Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Because the rank-sum tests considers the entire distribution of each group, it can detect statistically significant differences even when the medians are identical.

  • ↵† Variables included in final prediction model.