Differences in the Change Diagnostic Index Domains by Health Care Professional Role at the Practice (n = 1273)
| Domains of the Change Diagnostic Index | Sample Mean (SD) | Physicians Mean (SD) | Advanced Practice Clinicians* Mean (SD) | Clinical Support Staff† Mean (SD) | Administrative Staff‡ Mean (SD) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Global | 2.19 (0.75) | 2.29 (0.82) | 2.21 (0.71) | 2.19 (0.76) | 2.16 (0.73) | 0.332 |
| Anxiety | 2.50 (0.84) | 2.77 (0.88) | 2.57 (0.83) | 2.46 (0.83) | 2.44 (0.83) | 0.000 |
| Frustration | 1.83 (0.71) | 1.76 (0.71) | 1.80 (0.73) | 1.85 (0.72) | 1.83 (0.70) | 0.627 |
| Delayed development | 2.00 (0.72) | 1.98 (0.69) | 1.98 (0.66) | 2.02 (0.72) | 1.99 (0.73) | 0.911 |
| Rejection of environment | 1.97 (0.75) | 2.01 (0.78) | 2.04 (0.71) | 1.99 (0.77) | 1.94 (0.74) | 0.438 |
| Refusal | 1.74 (0.67) | 1.66 (0.64) | 1.72 (0.63) | 1.78 (0.71) | 1.72 (0.64) | 0.266 |
| Withdrawal | 1.70 (0.70) | 1.60 (0.76) | 1.69 (0.66) | 1.73 (0.72) | 1.71 (0.68) | 0.353 |
↵* Advanced practice clinicians include nurse practitioners and physician assistants.
↵† Clinical support staff includes licensed practical nurses and medical assistants.
↵‡ Administrative staff includes office managers, receptionists, and medical billing professionals.
Bold text indicates statistically significant finding.
SD, standard deviation.