Adjusted Associations between Personal, Practice, and County Characteristics with Family Physicians Prescribing Buprenorphine in 2017 and 2018
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|
| Physician characteristics | |
| Male gender | 1.39 (0.97, 1.97) |
| Age ≥50 years | 1.03 (0.73, 1.46) |
| White race | 0.82 (0.55, 1.22) |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 1.18 (0.63, 2.22) |
| MD degree vs. DO degree | 1.01 (0.55, 1.84) |
| International medical graduate | 1.08 (0.69, 1.68) |
| Practice characteristics | |
| Practice organization | |
| Academic health center | 1.29 (0.67, 2.48) |
| Federally qualified health center | 1.98 (1.08, 3.63) |
| Federal | 0.24 (0.05, 1.03) |
| Health maintenance organization | 0.37 (0.14, 0.99) |
| Hospital owned | 0.53 (0.33, 0.87) |
| Miscellaneous/other | 0.97 (0.45, 2.08) |
| Private practice | Reference |
| Other public | 0.84 (0.36, 1.93) |
| Site size | |
| Solo practice | 2.60 (1.38, 4.92) |
| 2 to 5 providers | 1.48 (0.89, 2.45) |
| 6 to 20 providers | 0.90 (0.56, 1.44) |
| >20 providers | Reference |
| Any mental health professional | 2.70 (1.73, 4.22) |
| County characteristics | |
| Health professional shortage area—mental health | 0.72 (0.42, 1.23) |
| Rural County | 1.28 (0.73, 2.23) |
CI, confidence interval