Characteristics of Patients with Opioid Use Disorder, Total, and by Medication-Assisted Treatment Initiation Versus No MAT Initiation
| Patient Characteristics | Total | MAT Initiation | No MAT Initiation | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Total | 1638 | 542 (33.1) | 1096 (66.9) | |
| Urban/rural | .5776 | |||
| Urban | 1222 (74.6) | 404 (74.5) | 818 (74.6) | |
| Rural | 416 (25.4) | 138 (25.5) | 278 (25.4) | |
| Sex | .2946 | |||
| Male | 658 (40.2) | 208 (38.4) | 450 (41.1) | |
| Female | 980 (59.8) | 334 (61.6) | 646 (58.9) | |
| Age as of date of first MAT prescription | <.0001 | |||
| 18 to 29 | 332 (20.3) | 149 (27.5) | NA | |
| 30 to 49 | 791 (48.3) | 282 (52.0) | NA | |
| 50+ | 515 (31.4) | 111 (20.5) | NA | |
| Race/Ethnicity (detail) | .5064 | |||
| Hispanic | 46 (2.8) | 16 (2.9) | 30 (2.7) | |
| NH white | 1358 (82.9) | 457 (84.3) | 901 (82.2) | |
| NH other | 52 (3.2) | 12 (2.2) | 40 (3.6) | |
| NH black | 94 (5.7) | 24 (4.4) | 70 (6.4) | |
| Unknown | 88 (5.4) | 33 (6.1) | 55 (5.0) | |
| Race/Ethnicity (for analysis) | .0106 | |||
| NH white | 1358 (82.9) | 457 (84.3) | 901 (82.2) | |
| Other | 280 (17.1) | 85 (15.7) | 195 (17.8) | |
| Insurance coverage at majority of visits in study year | <.0001 | |||
| Commercial | 128 (7.8) | 65 (11.9) | 63 (5.79) | |
| Medicaid | 977 (59.6) | 315 (58.1) | 662 (60.9) | |
| Medicare | 222 (13.6) | 45 (8.3) | 177 (16.3) | |
| Self-pay | 302 (18.4) | 116 (21.4) | 186 (17.1) | |
| Other | <10 | <10 | <10 | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 463 (28.3) | 110 (20.3) | 353 (32.2) | .0215 |
| Diabetes | 166 (10.1) | 27 (4.9) | 139 (12.7) | .0011 |
| Asthma/COPD | 360 (21.9) | 86 (15.9) | 274 (25.0) | <.0001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 62 (3.8) | <10 | 55 (5.02) | .0020 |
| Lipid disorder | 251 (15.3) | 50 (9.2) | 201 (18.3) | <.0001 |
| Cancer | 130 (7.9) | 27 (4.9) | 103 (9.4) | .0029 |
| HIV | <10 | 0 | <10 | .5380 |
| Hepatitis C | 174 (10.6) | 50 (9.2) | 124 (11.3) | .0331 |
| Psychiatric disorder* | 1204 (73.5) | 419 (77.3) | 785 (71.6) | .0106 |
| Current tobacco use at ≥1 visit | 948 (57.9) | 386 (71.2) | 562 (51.3) | <.0001 |
NA, Not applicable; NH, Non-Hispanic; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MAT, Medication-Assisted Treatment.
↵* Psychiatric disorders included anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, depressive disorders, and bipolar disorder.