Table 4.

Frequency of Adverse Events

AE, N (%)	EC Group	NG Group	P Value
Subjects with any AEs^*	5 (6.7)	13 (17.3)	.044
Total AEs	9 (100)	27 (10)
Sore throat^†	—	2 (7.4%)	.497
Oral pain^†	2 (22.2)	5 (18.5)	.442
Cough^†	3 (33.3)	3 (11.1)	1.000
Dry mouth^†	2 (22.2)	2 (7.4)	1.000
Oral ulcer^†	—	—	—
Dizziness^†	—	5 (18.5)	.058
Headache^†	1 (11.1)	2 (7.4)	1.000
Nausea or vomiting^†	1 (11.1)	8 (29.6)	.034
Others^†	—	—	—

AEs, adverse events; EC, electronic cigarette; NG, nicotine gum.
↵* P value was calculated using the χ² test.
↵† P value was calculated using the Fisher-Freeman-Halton extension of Fisher's probability test.