Performance of Substance Use Screens for Identifying Tobacco Dependence and Alcohol, Cannabis, and Other Illicit Drug Use Disorder among Outpatient Subgroup (2013 to 2014).
| Age 12 to 15 Years | Age 16 to 17 Years | Age 18 to 20 Years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 14,699 | N = 8353 | N = 8453 | ||||
| Se | Sp | Se | Sp | Se | Sp | |
| Smoking* | ||||||
| ≥1 day | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.93 | 1.00 | 0.83 |
| ≥2 days | 0.86 | 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.86 |
| ≥4 days | 0.76 | 0.99 | 0.82 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.89 |
| ≥25 days | 0.48 | 1.00 | 0.64 | 0.99 | 0.77 | 0.97 |
| AUC (SE) | 0.99 (0.0003) | 0.98 (0.0007)‡ | 0.97 (0.0009)‡§ | |||
| Alcohol† | ||||||
| ≥1 day | 1.00 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 0.57 | 1.00 | 0.38 |
| ≥2 days | 1.00 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.63 | 1.00 | 0.42 |
| ≥3 days | 1.00 | 0.91 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 1.00 | 0.46 |
| ≥12 days | 0.91 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.81 | 0.96 | 0.61 |
| ≥52 days | 0.50 | 0.99 | 0.59 | 0.93 | 0.72 | 0.81 |
| ≥270 days | 0.05 | 1.00 | 0.04 | 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.99 |
| AUC (SE) | 0.98 (0.0007) | 0.91 (0.0018)‡ | 0.83 (0.0022)‡§ | |||
| Cannabis† | ||||||
| ≥1 day | 1.00 | 0.94 | 1.00 | 0.79 | 1.00 | 0.69 |
| ≥2 days | 1.00 | 0.95 | 1.00 | 0.81 | 1.00 | 0.71 |
| ≥3 days | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 0.82 | 1.00 | 0.73 |
| ≥12 days | 0.90 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.87 | 0.98 | 0.80 |
| ≥52 days | 0.59 | 0.99 | 0.72 | 0.92 | 0.80 | 0.86 |
| ≥270 days | 0.13 | 1.00 | 0.18 | 0.98 | 0.33 | 0.96 |
| AUC (SE) | 0.98 (0.0005) | 0.94 (0.0013)‡ | 0.92 (0.0015)‡§ | |||
| Other Illicit Drugs† | ||||||
| ≥1 day | 1.00 | 0.95 | 1.00 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.85 |
| ≥2 days | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.92 | 0.97 | 0.88 |
| ≥3 days | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.92 | 0.93 | 0.97 | 0.89 |
| ≥12 days | 0.79 | 0.97 | 0.80 | 0.96 | 0.84 | 0.94 |
| ≥52 days | 0.57 | 0.98 | 0.58 | 0.98 | 0.62 | 0.97 |
| ≥270 days | 0.14 | 1.00 | 0.18 | 1.00 | 0.26 | 1.00 |
| AUC (SE) | 0.99 (0.0004) | 0.97 (0.0008)‡ | 0.97 (0.0009)‡§ | |||
AUC, area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for any symptom of DSM-IV alcohol, cannabis, or other drug use disorders; Se, sensitivity; Sp, specificity.
Bolded screening cut-points are shown that have high values of sensitivity and specificity and minimize the number of different age- and substance-specific cut-points.
↵* Frequency is coded as days of use in the past month.
↵† Frequency is coded as days of use in the past year.
χ2 test for independence (relative to age 12 to 15 years),
↵‡ P < .0001.
χ2 test for independence (comparing 16 to 17 and 18 to 20 year olds),
↵§ P < .0001.