Table 2.

Sample Characteristics at Baseline (N = 47)*

Values†
Demographics
    Male47 (100)
    Ethnicity
        Vietnamese29 (61.7)
        Korean18 (38.3)
    Age, years
        <509 (19.1)
        50 to 5917 (36.2)
        >6021 (44.7)
    Married31 (66.0)
    Lived in United States <15 years17 (36.2)
    Education
         < High school21 (44.6)
        Graduated high school or beyond16 (55.3)
    Income (% of federal poverty level)
        100% to 200%24 (51.1)
        <100%11 (23.4)
        Unknown12 (25.5)
Health status
    Self-rated health
        Fair to poor34 (72.3)
    Tobacco-related diseases‡
        Hypertension27 (57.4)
        Diabetes11 (23.4)
        COPD10 (21.3)
        Others (CVD, stroke, or cancer)6 (12.7)
    Behavioral health conditions‡
        Depression13 (27.7)
        Anxiety disorders (including PTSD)9 (19.1)
        Others (alcohol use or sleep disorders)5 (10.6)
Smoking status and history
    Number of cigarettes smoked per day, mean (SD)9.3 (4.5)
    Time to first cigarette after waking
        Within 30 minutes33 (70.2)
        >30 minutes14 (29.8)
    Years smoked regularly
        >10 years3 (6.4)
        11 to 20 years3 (6.4)
        >20 years41 (87.2)
Intended to quit in the next 6 months22 (46.8)
Had 24-hr quit attempt past year18 (38.3)
Attempted to quit in the past year28 (59.6)

  • COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; SD, standard deviation.

  • ↵* Column percent for mutually exclusive categories may not be summed to 100% due to rounding.

  • ↵† Values are n (%) except where indicated.

  • ↵‡ Participants may endorse one or more categories for tobacco-related diseases, and behavioral conditions.