Age-Standardized Prevalence of Multimorbidity in Participants 20 Years or Older, Stratified by Age, Sex, Race, Poverty, Education, and Insurance Status for National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014
| Total No. of Subjects (N)* | 2 or More Multimorbidities | 3 or More Multimorbidities | 4 or More Multimorbidities | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N* | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | P‡ | N* | Prevalence, % (95% CI)† | P‡ | N* | Prevalence, % (95% CI)† | P value‡ | ||
| Overall prevalence | 5541 | 3342 | 59.6 (58.1–61.1) | 2202 | 38.5 (36.3–40.6) | 1321 | 22.7 (21.1–24.3) | |||
| Age group, y | ||||||||||
| 20–44 | 2367 | 868 | 37.5 (35.4–39.5) | <.0001 | 364 | 15.3 (13.4–17.2) | <.0001 | 140 | 6.0 (4.7–7.2) | <.0001 |
| 45–64 | 1909 | 1333 | 70.6 (67.5–73.6) | 902 | 47.7 (44.9–50.9) | 512 | 26.4 (23.8–29.0) | |||
| 65+ | 1265 | 1153 | 91.8 (88.6–95.1) | 936 | 76.5 (72.2–80.8) | 669 | 55.6 (52.4–58.8) | |||
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 2669 | 1551 | 55.9 (54.6–57.2) | .01 | 964 | 33.8 (31.6–36.1) | .0002 | 538 | 18.4 (16.9–19.8) | <.0001 |
| Female | 2872 | 1803 | 58.4 (56.7–60.2) | 1238 | 38.4 (36.3–40.5) | 783 | 23.6 (21.7–25.6) | |||
| Race | ||||||||||
| Hispanic | 1234 | 712 | 54.9 (52.8–57.1) | <.0001 | 409 | 30.1 (28.1–32.1) | <.0001 | 220 | 15.5 (14.2–16.9) | <.0001 |
| White | 2377 | 1570 | 59.2 (57.5–60.9) | 1119 | 37.9 (35.9–39.9) | 702 | 22.1 (20.9–23.3) | |||
| Black | 1135 | 734 | 60.1 (56.7–63.4) | 495 | 39.3 (36.4–42.3) | 310 | 23.9 (21.4–26.4) | |||
| Others | 795 | 338 | 45.0 (42.0–48.0) | 179 | 27.8 (24.5–31.2) | 89 | 15.8 (12.0–19.5) | |||
| Ratio of family income to poverty | ||||||||||
| Above Poverty (≥1.0) | 3967 | 2426 | 57.5 (56.1–58.9) | .36 | 1600 | 36.2 (34.6–37.7) | .18 | 953 | 20.7 (19.4–22.0) | .02 |
| Under poverty (<1.0) | 1149 | 672 | 58.0 (54.5–61.6) | 455 | 39.1 (35.5–42.6) | 280 | 25.1 (22.3–27.9) | |||
| Health insurance | ||||||||||
| Yes | 4363 | 2834 | 58.7 (57.1–60.4) | .01 | 1935 | 37.3 (35.5–39.2) | .04 | 1201 | 21.7 (20.5–22.9) | .22 |
| No | 1172 | 516 | 51.3 (47.7–54.9 | 264 | 29.1 (23.4–34.8) | 118 | 17.1 (12.2–22.1) | |||
| Education | ||||||||||
| ≥High school | 4344 | 2584 | 57.4 (56.1–58.8) | .89 | 1677 | 36.2 (34.5–38.0) | .93 | 985 | 20.8 (19.4–22.1) | .20 |
| <High school | 1192 | 766 | 57.1 (53.1–61.0) | 522 | 36.3 (31.9–40.7) | 333 | 22.8 (19.3–26.2) | |||
Note: Numbers of subjects in each category may be different due to the missing values in some variables.
↵* Unweighted total number of subjects with multimorbidity.
↵† The overall and age group prevalence were weighted. The sex, race, poverty ratio, health insurance, and education group prevalence were age standardized.
↵‡ P value from F test.
CI, confidential interval.
Chronic conditions included in determining multimorbidity: cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, asthma, arthritis, cancer, stroke, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity.