A Comparison of Beginning to End Measures for Those Who Remained on Opioid Medication During the First 18 Months of the Structured Program
| Group A | Beginning | End | T | Df | P Value | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDD* | 30.61 | 28.84 | 0.763 | 16 | .457 | (−3.14 to 6.67) |
| MEDD (range) | 3.3 to 60 | 3.3 to 60 | ||||
| MEDD (SD) | 19.03 | 18.60 | ||||
| BPI Pain Scale (0 to 10)* (mean) | 5.75 | 6.20 | 0.95 | 16 | .356 | (−1.44 to 0.55) |
| BPI pain (range) | 3 to 8 | 3.8 to 9.3 | ||||
| Pain (SD) | 1.22 | 1.77 | ||||
| BPI Quality of Life Scale (0 to 10)* (mean) | 5.84 | 6.11 | 0.460 | 16 | .651 | (−1.50 to 0.96) |
| BPI quality of life (range) | 1.7 to 9.1 | 1.7 to 9.7 | ||||
| BPI quality of life (SD) | 2.08 | 2.21 | ||||
| Zung Depression Scale (20 to 80)* (mean) | 40.35 | 42.37 | 0.772 | 16 | .451 | (−7.93 to 3.6) |
| Zung (range) | 29 to 57 | 25 to 53 | ||||
| Zung (SD) | 8.2 | 7.53 |
Group A is those patients who continued opioid use and engaged the program. Morphine equivalents represents the mean MEDD in mg/day. BPI Pain Scale is the mean of pain scores for the BPI with range of 0 (no pain) to 10 (maximal pain). BPI Quality of Life is the mean score for how much pain has interfered with quality of life with range of 0 (no impairment from pain) to 10 (maximal impairment from pain). Zung Depression Scale is in raw score with a range of 20 to 80 possible, with less than 40 considered normal mood and above this with progressively worse mood.
↵* Analysis is with paired t-Table test.
BPI, Brief Pain Inventory Short Form; CI, confidential interval; MEDD, morphine-equivalent daily dose; SD, standard deviation.