<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><xml><records><record><source-app name="HighWire" version="7.x">Drupal-HighWire</source-app><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daly, Jeanette M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xu, Yinghui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crockett, Seth D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffman, Richard M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Levy, Barcey T.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Is Cognitive Impairment Associated with Inadequate Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Journal of the American Board of Family
                Medicine</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025-05-01 00:00:00</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">423-430</style></pages><doi><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.3122/jabfm.2024.240338R1</style></doi><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><abstract><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purpose: Inadequate bowel preparation (IBP) for colonoscopies is associated with missed polyps and cancers, prolonged procedure times, lower colonoscopy completion rates, and need for a repeat procedure. The purposes of this study were to assess: 1) whether impaired cognitive status (measured by an abnormal clock drawing test) was associated with IBP, and 2) the association of participant demographic and clinical characteristics with IBP.Methods: Cross-sectional cohort study conducted in 3 academic centers. Subjects, 50 to 85 years old, completed 5 stool tests on a single sample and a clock drawing before undergoing a screening or surveillance colonoscopy. Clock drawings were validated by the Mendes-Santos method and Watson method. A generalized linear mixed model was conducted to estimate factors associated with IBP, based on Aronchick bowel preparation score.Results: The 2,016 participants had a mean age of 63 years (SD = 7.95); 1,274 (63%) were female; 119 (6%) had IBP; and 421 (21%) had an abnormal clock drawing. After controlling for age in the multivariable model, the odds of having an IBP versus adequate were 1.44 (95% CI, 0.94–2.22) for those with an abnormal clock drawing score compared with those with a normal score. The only variable significantly associated with IBP was household income, with an odds of 2.48 (95% CI, 1.56–3.95) for household income of &lt;$40,000 compared with income &gt;$80,000.Conclusions: Lower household income was associated with greater odds of IBP. The association between an abnormal clock drawing score and IBP was not statistically significant.NCT03264898 (clinicaltrials.gov) – Comparative Effectiveness of FITs with Colonoscopy</style></abstract></record></records></xml>